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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
An autonomic pathway consists of:
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preganglionnic neuron, autonomic ganglion and postganglionic neuron
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neurotransmitter for pre-ganglionic neurons
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acetylcholine (ACh)
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Neurotransmitter for post-ganglionic neurons in the SYMPATHETIC nervous system
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norepinephrine (NOR)
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Neurotramsitter for post-ganglionic neurons in the PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system
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acetylcholine (ACh)
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neurotransmitter of the adrenal medulla pre-ganglionic
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ACh
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NT for adrenal medulla axon
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epinephrine EPI
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sympathetic pathways use what types of NTs?
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ACh and NOR
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parasympathetic pathways use what types of NT's?
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ACh
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what type of receptor is on the target tissue of the SYMPATHETIC NS?
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adrenergic receptor
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what type of receptor is on the target tissue of the PARASYMPATHETIC NS?
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muscarinic receptor
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what type of receptor is on the post-ganglionic neuron of BOTH SNS and PNS
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nicotinic receptor
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what are the effectors of the ANS?
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smooth and cardiac muscle, some endocrine and exocrine glands, some adipose tissue
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how do autonomic neurons release NT's to target cells?
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Variscosities. And they are released over the surface.
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#2. Depolarization of varicosities cause:
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the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels
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#3. when voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open in varicosities, it triggers:
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axocytosis of synaptic vesicles
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#4. After axocytosis of synaptic vesicles;
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the NE binds to adrenergic receptor on target
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Activity at the varicosity ceases when :
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NE diffuses away from the synapse
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at the variscosity NE can be taken where?
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back into synaptic vesicles for re-release
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in variscosity, NE can be?
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metabliized by monamine oxidase (MAO)
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Receptors in the ANS are called:
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Cholinergic
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Type of receptors located at target tissues in the sympathetic nervous system
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adrenergic receptors
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Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 receptors prefer ____ over ____
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NE; E
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Alpha1 receptors are found in
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most sympathetic target tissue.
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Alpha 2 receptors are found in
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gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. It surpresses secretion
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Beta 1 receptors are found in
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heart muscle and kidney. This binds equally to NE and E
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Beta 2 receptors are found in
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cartain blood vessels and smooth muscle of some organs. PREFER E OVER NE. Doesn't have to do with contraction. It releases things. Enhancing oxygen by opening up air passages. dilates blood vessels to serve skeletal muscles
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Beta 3 receptors are found in
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Adipose tissue. Used to store energy
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these receptors are used for all parasympathetic target tissue
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muscarinic
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All effectors of the ANS have ____ intervention
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duel
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75% of parasympathetic response comes from the _____ _____.
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Vagus nerve.
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Agonist muscles:
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mimic; do the same thing
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Antagonist muscles:
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block/prevent. Block parasympathetic
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a direct action in a muscle means to:
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Blocker. effect one are of the other.
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inderect action in a muscle means to:
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alter the secretion of N.T. They mess around with re-uptake.
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LIttle Billy is stung on his cheek by a wasp. Because he is allergic to wasp venom, his throat beings to swell and his respiratory passages constrict. Would ACh or E be more helpful in relieving his symptoms? Why?
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Epinepherine. Becuase it dilates blod vessels. (think B2 receptors. What do they do? What do they prefer?)
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While Julie is out for a brisk walk, she is suddenly confronted by an angry dog. Which division of the autonomic nervous system i responsible for the physiological changes that occur in Julie as she turns and runs form the animal?
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Sympathetic
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Mr. Martin is suffering from a condition known as ventricular tachycardia, in which the hear beats too quickly. Would you suggest an alpha blocker or a beta blocker?
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Beta, because heart muscles are controlled by B1 receptors
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