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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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digestion definition and 4 components |
chemical alteration of food into absorbable chemicals -PH changes, GI motility, biological detergents, enzymes |
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what part of the body is the detergent supplier, and which is the enzyme supplier (neutralizer) |
detergent: liver enzyme: pancreas |
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4 layers of GIT with sublayers |
mucosa (epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa) submucosa muscularis externa serosa |
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layers of epithelium (2 and where do they face), transport through it (2, name them), |
basolateral (face blood) and apical (face lumen) 1- transcellular: need two proteins on basal and apical surfaces 2- paracellular: tight junction seal |
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lamina propria: what type of tissue, what is it in (3), and what type of cells |
-connective tissue -nerve fibres, small blood vessels, lymphatic vessels -immune and inflammatory cells |
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muscularis mucosa involved in what and (and not involved in what) |
villi movement, not in contraction of GIT |
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submucosa: plexus of... relays info where what is in it |
-plexus of nerve cell bodies -relays info to and from mucosa -connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels |
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muscularis externa: 3 layers |
thick inner layer of muscle: narrowing myenteric nerve plexus thin outer layer: shortening |
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portal vein drains blood from where to where |
from circulation to liver |
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purpose of portal circulation is to allow liver to what (2) |
remove harmful substances process nutrients |
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venous supply referred to as... most circulation is how |
in series in parallel |
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reflexes of GI initiated by (4) |
swollen volume osmolarity PH [specific digestion contents] |
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reflexes of GI propogated by (3) |
mechanoreceptors osmoreceptors chemoreceptors |
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myenteric plexus influences what vs influence of submucosal plexus |
myenteric: smooth muscle submucosal: secretion |
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4 types of chemical messengers and their targets |
endocrine: distant targets (hormones)
paracrine: close neurocrine: close autocrine: acts on itself |
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4 most popular hormones |
CCK, GIP, secretin, gastrin |
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CCK pathway (triggered by, what does it act on, feedback) |
-triggered by amino acids and fatty acids released into the blood -acts on pancreas to release digestive enzyme gall bladder for bile for acid breakdown -fats and amino acids are absorbed and CCK stops (negative feedback) |
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more stimualtion= |
more contraction |
