Ma - Plant & Animal Responses

A plant growth hormone that has a variety of effects

A type of graph or chart commonly used in circadian research to plot activity (present or absent) against time

Intraspecific behaviour that alternates between attack and escape

Something opposing or in conflict with another

No regular pattern found in organisms in unchanging habitats eg caves

A plant hormone regulating growth by effecting cell elongation

Resemblance of a harmless species to one that is poisonous

The set of mechanisms within living organisms that link physiological processes with daily, monthly, or seasonal cycles or with stages of development and ageing

The change in position of the whole or part of an organism in response to a stimulus, such as light.

Concealment method in which animal is coloured to match it's environment

Being effected by a chemical

A cyclical variation (rhythm) that lasts approximately 24 hours under constant environmental condition

A cyclical variation (rhythm) that lasts approximately a year under constant environmental condition

Series of signals exchanged between male and female ending in mating

Most active at dusk and dawn

The photoperiod above which long-day plants flower and below which short day plant flower

A group of plant hormones retarding ageing, promoting cell division and bud formation, sometimes promoting flowering and breaking dormancy

A delay at some stage in the development of an arthropod, caused by stimuli indicating a change in environmental conditions and ended by specific stimuli

Most active during the day

A state of temporarily reduced metabolism

A cell or organs that responds to a stimuli

Caused by internal factors that are independent of external stimuli

The process of resetting an internal clock so that it is synchronised with environmental rhythms

Caused by external stimuli

A rhythm is free-running when it is proceeding independently of external changes

Caused by gravity

Using the earths’ magnetic field for orientation

A period of dormancy of animals during seasonal cold conditions, generally to survive a lack of food

A set area which animals seldom leave

The ability of an animal to find its way home over unfamiliar territory

Chemical secreted into a plant or animal and transported to another part where it affects growth or activity

Behaviour coded for by genes

Complex behaviour that is not modified by experience

Relationship/interaction between members of different species

Relationship/interaction between members of the same species

Organisms who produce and care for a small number of offspring

An orientation movement of an animal in which the stimulus governs the rate, but not the direction of movement

Behaviour that is modified by experienced

Behaviour that is modified by experience

Area in which males (usually birds) congregate to mate with females

A plant that flowers when day-length exceeds a certain minimum length

Continuous growth area in plants (apical bud; root tip)

The regular mass movement of members of a species for breeding and back again

The similarity in appearance of one species of animal to another that affords it protection from predators

Mimicry between unpalatable species

Response of a plant organ to a non-directional environmental stimulus

Determining one's position relative to other locations

Most active at night

Part of the brain that contains primary visual centers

Orientation responses in which the strength of the stimulus controls the rate of linear movement (ortho) or rate of turning (klinoO

A stable relationship between animals of opposite sex that ensures mating

Investment of resources by parents in the survival of offspring

A social hierarchy led by an Alpha individual

A phase of a rhythm is shifted so that entrainment occurs

Chemical used as a signal to other members of the same species

Response to light

A pigment found in most plants that acts as the light receptor

A natural substance in plant or animal tissue that gives it its colour

Small gland at the top of the brain stem that secretes a hormone

The practice of a female mating with more than one male in a breeding season

The practice of random mating with more than one member of the opposite sex during a breed season

An organised social system in which during a breeding season a female mates with several males and a male mates with several females within the social group

Occurs when a male mates with more than one female

Young born in an advanced state, with eyes open

Organism which produces a large number of offspring but gives them little care

A cell or organ able to detect changes in the environment

A plant that flowers when day-length is less than a certain minimum length

Using the stars to navigate

An aspect or change in an individual’s external or internal environment that causes some sort of response

Using the sun to navigate

Directional movement in an animal towards or away from a stimulus

Area that is defended by an animal

Response to touch

A plant growth response to an external direction stimulus causing the plant to curve towards to away from the stimulus

Induction of flowering by a period of chilling

An external environmental cue used to synchronise rhythmic behaviours with external events