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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 2 phyla that make up the seedless vascular plants? what are their common names.
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Lycopodiophyta (lycophytes, fern "ally)
Pteriodophyta (ferns and other fern allies) |
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What is the dominant generation for seedless vascular plants?
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sporophyte
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What are seedless vascular plants called?
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lycophytes
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What kind of leaves do lycophytes and pteriodophytes have?
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Lycopodiophyta-microphylls
Pteridophytes- megaphylls |
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What is the difference between microphylls and megaphylls?
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microphylls- small leaves w/ one vein
megaphylls- large leaves w/ several veins |
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Describe lycophytes.
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have true stems, leaves and roots w/ sporangia borne on the upper surfaces of sporophylls which are fertile microphylls
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What are sporophylls?
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fertile microphylls
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What are ligules?
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(flap-like structures arising from upper surface of the sporophyll)
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What is homosporous?
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they have spores of all the same type;produce bisexual gametophytes (male and female gametangia on the same plant) but are functionally unisexual
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What is heterosporous?
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they produce two types of spores
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What is a microspore vs. a megaspore?
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microspore- produces male gametophyte with antheridia
megaspore- produces the female gametophyte w/ archegonia |
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What are the three families of lycophytes?
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Lycopodiaceae, Selaginalleceae and Isoetaceae
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Which of the three families of Lycopodiophyta aer homosporous and which are heterosporous?
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Lycopodiaceae- homosporous
Isoeataceae and Selaginellaceae- heterosporous |
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What family in the Lycopodiophyta are club mosses?
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Lycopodiaceae
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What are strobili?
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sporophylls that are confined to the tips of branches having determinant growth-lack chlorophyll when mature
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Where does the gametophyte develop in the family Lycopodiaceae?
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exosporic-develops outside the spore
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Label the stem axis, sporophylls and sporngia on the picture.
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sporophylls bear the sporangia
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why is the Selaginella known as the "resurrection plant?
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because it will become a tight ball during drought periods but will expand and lie flat with moisture
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How are sporophylls in heterosporous plants grouped?
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megasporophylls w/ megasporangia that consist of megaspores
and microsporophylls w/ microsporangia w/ microspores |
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What family and commonname is this plant.
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Selaginellacae
Selaginella |
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identify the microsporangium, megasporophyll, megasporangium and ligule
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identify the microsporangium, megasporophyll, megasporangium and ligule
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What plant strobilus is this? Lycopodiaceae or Selaginella?
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Lycopodiaceae
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What are the two type of spores produced by Selaginella?
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microspores and megaspores
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What is different about homosporous and heterosporous gametophyte development?
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homosporous-develop outside the spore wall-exosporic
heterosporous-endosporic |
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What is the family for quillworts?
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Isoetaceae
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What is the difference between the Selaginella life cycle in comparison to the Isoetes life cycle?
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Selaginella-bi-flagellate sperm
Isoetes-multi-flagellate |
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What is the family and common name of this plant?
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Isoetaceae
quillworts |
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What seedless vascular plants that include horsetails whisk ferns and ferns in them called?
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Pteridophytes
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What are lycophytes, whisk ferns and horsetails considerede?
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fern allies
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What are the two main distinguishing features of the Phylums Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta?
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1. presence of microphylls in Lycopodiophyta-biflagellate sperm and megaphylls in Pteridophyta-multiflagellate sperm
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What is the order for horsetails and whisk ferns?
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Horsetails- Equisetales
whisk ferns- Psilotales |
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What is the order Equisetales characterized by?
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jointed stems bearing whorls of leaves and lateral branches- small microphyll-like leaves
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Which of the Pteridophytes are homosporous?
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horsetails, whisk ferns and some ferns
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What is the dominant generation for the Pteridophyta?
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sporophyte
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What is the order and common name of the plant?
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Equisetales
horsetail |
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What is a rhizome?
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underground portion of stem in horsetails
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What do horsetails have instead of sporophylls?
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sporangiophores
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What are elaters?
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thickened bands that arise from the outer layer of the spore wall
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Describe the Order Psilotales.
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rootless, tropical epiphytes
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Which seedless vascular plants have rhizoids?
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Equisetales, Psilotales, lycopods
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Which seedless plants need water to disperse?
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Bryophytes, Lycopodiaceae, Equisetum
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What is the common name and order of this plant?
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whisk ferns
Psilotales |
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Describe how the sporangia are arranged in the Psilotales family.
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in threes on the salelike outgrowths
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What is this an image of?
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fern prothallus
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