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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why did most geologist reject Alfred Wegener's idea of continental drift?
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Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents.
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the longest chain of mountains in the world
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mid-ocean ridge
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technology scientist use in the mid-1900s to map the mid-ocean ridge
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sonar
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in the process of sea-floor spreading, where does molten material rise from the mantle and erupt
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mid-ocean ridge
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How did scientists discover that rocks farther away from the mid-ocean ridge were older than those near it?
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age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the sea floor
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process by which the ocean floor sinks through a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle
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subduction
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old ocean crust is more dense than new oceanic crust because it is...
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cool
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Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by...
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convection currents in the asthenosphere.
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states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion
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Plate Tectonic Theory
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a collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a...
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mountain range
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a place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions
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transform boundary
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the place where two plates come together
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convergent boundary
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a rift valley forms where two plates...
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diverge
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Which layer of Earth is made up partly of crust and partly of mantle material?
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lithosphere
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Earth's solid inner core spins inside the hot, molten metal of which later?
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outer core
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The asthenosphere is part of which layer of Earth?
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mantle
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layer of Earth made up largely of the rocks basalt and granite
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crust
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as depth beneath Earth's surface increases, temperature and pressure
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increase
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how geologist observe Earth's interior
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recording and studying seismic waves
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layers of earth
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crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
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a layer of hot molten rock
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mantle
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a dense ball of solid metal
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inner core
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Earth's magnetic field results from the spinning of the _______.
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inner core
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When you touch a hot pot or pan, the heat moves from the pot to your hand. This is called __________.
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heat transfer or conduction
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transfer of heat through space
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radiation
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Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth's ________.
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asthenosphere
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Heat is transferred within a fluid by _______.
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convection currents
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When the heat source is removed from a fluid, convection currents in the fluid will _________.
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eventually stop
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According to Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift, the continents were once ___________.
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joined together in a single land mass
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name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago
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pangaea
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any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in a rock
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fossil
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three types of evidence used by Alfred Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis
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landforms, fossils, climate
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which layer of earth appears to be the thickest
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mantle
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Pressure increases with depth toward the center of Earth....which layer would you expect pressure to be the greatest?
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inner core
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According to the theory of plate tectonics, on which layer of Earth do plates float?
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asthenosphere
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What happens when two ocean plate collide?
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one bends (most dense) and slides under the other, forming a trench
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What happens when two continental plates collide?
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they squeeze the crust upward into the mountain ranges
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What happens when an oceanic and continental plate collide?
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the oceanic plate slides beneath the continental plate and begins to melt as it sinks back into the mantle (subduction)
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evidence from a landform and fossil to support the theory that Africa and South America were ever joined
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rock from a mountain range on both continents; fossils have been found on both continents
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