Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
GDP
|
Gross Domestic Products
|
|
What does the GDP measure?
|
the value of all the goods and services produced in your country per year
|
|
Government spending on defense in the US is at about what percent?
|
20%
|
|
What is the current world population?
|
7 Billion
|
|
What is the projection of the world population for 2050?
|
9 Billion
|
|
What percent of population growth is expected by 2050?
|
50%
|
|
Civillian deaths were estimated at what percent during the '90s?
|
90%
|
|
Realism
(2 points) |
- struggles between countries to secure conflicting national interests
- world politics should be COUNTRY focused |
|
What philosopher is associated with Realism?
|
Thomas Hobbs
|
|
What is the key Realist belief about human nature?
|
"Might makes right!"
|
|
Neorealist
(3 points) |
- focus on the anarchic nature of a world system, based on competition among countries
- no way to really "settle disputes" between countries - resort to force to achieve goals |
|
Name a U.S. president associated with Realism.
|
Ronald Reagan
|
|
Liberalism
|
- belief that humans and their countries are capable of acheiving more cooperative, less conflictive, relations
- want to increase interdependence, cooperation, and adherance to international law |
|
What is the key Liberalist belief about human nature?
|
"Right makes right!"
|
|
Who was the philosopher Liberalism was inspired by?
|
Jean Jacques Reusseau
|
|
Neoliberalism
|
- believe much of the world's problems come from unregulated structure
- belive the best solution is to build effective international organizations, and enforcing international law |
|
Name a U.S. president associated with Liberalism.
|
Bill Clinton
|
|
What are some opposing beliefs/goals held by realists and liberalists?
(2 examples) |
R: want to use force
L: want to use cooperation Realists are skeptical about the ability of international organizations to promote cooperation R: Preserve power L: acheive mutual intrests |
|
What is the UN Security Council's 5 permanent members' special role?
|
They can veto any given suggestion
|
|
Constructivisim
(3 points) |
- rejects the assumptions of Liberalism/Realism
- about human consciousness and its role in international life - believes you limit your possibilities by thinking things cannot change |
|
What is the key belief about human behavoir in constructivisim?
|
"Think outside the box!"
|
|
The birth of the modern international system dominated by countries dates back to what historical event?
|
Treaty of Westphalia, 1648
|
|
Sovereignty
|
a country that does not recognize a higher authority
|
|
What caused the Westernization of th International System?
(2 points) |
- Industrial Revolutions
- Colonialism |
|
What is the north-south axis referring to?
|
The northern countries are those that are more developed and financially stable, while the southern countries are less developed, and in poverty.
|
|
Bipolar System
(3 points) |
- 1945-1991
- Two major superpowers: + U.S. + U.S.S.R - Cold War |
|
Multipolar System
(2 points) |
- 1700-1945
- designed to preserve the balance of power by preventing any single power (or combination of powers) from dominating Europe and the world |
|
hegemonic power
(2 points) |
- a country that possesses influence far beyond any other country
- U.S. |
|
cold war
(3 points) |
- conflict between U.S. and USSR
- caused by varying econmonic and politcal interests - era of great tensions and global division |
|
containment doctrine
|
- a policy of global opposition to the Soviet Union and other communist countries
|
|
detente
|
- a cold war policy involving the U.S., USSR and China that sought to open relations among countries, and ease TENSIONS
|
|
Modified Multipolar System
|
- the major countries are restrained by the regional/global alliances and treaties and international organizations
|
|
What does the UN currently define as the system in the United States?
|
Modified Multipolar System
|
|
How many members are currently in the UN?
|
193
|
|
Are the number of UN peacekeeping missions increasing or decreasing?
|
increasing
|
|
Balance of Power Theory
|
a concept that describes the degree of balance or imalance of power in the global system
|
|
Balance of Power politics
(3 points) |
- notion that countries seek to conserve and amass power
- some countries seek to become powerful enough to dominate their region - some countries seek to counter a hegemonic drive by increasing their own power |
|
What are the effects of ozone depletion and other forms of enviromental degradation?
|
- Global Warming
- Droughts - Trickle down effects |
|
Global Warming
(2 points) |
- caused by the burning of fossil fuels
- causes: melting of ice caps, higher average temperatures, distrupts wildlife |
|
Give two examples of trickle down effects caused by global warming.
|
a) melting ice caps = higher sea levels = shorelines disappear
b) warmer temperatures = warmer winters = insects do not get killed off = more pesticides |
|
Chloroflorocarbons (CFCs)
|
- come from refrigerants and other devices
-cause holes in the ozone layer |
|
Name one problem due to CFCs.
|
More holes in the ozone layer means less protection from harmful UV rays from the sun, meaning more occurances of skin cancer
|
|
What are the three levels of analysis?
|
1) Systems Level
2) State Level 3) Individual Level |
|
Systems Level
(2 points) |
- looks at the big picture
- looks at all the institutional state actors in the international system |
|
State Level
(3 points) |
- looks at what's going on in that country
- looks at the characteristics of country to explain what happens in the international affairs - basic types of governments |
|
dichotomy
(examples?) |
one set of governments or the other
ex) Authoritarian ex) Democracy |
|
Individual Level
|
- focuses on what' sgoing on in the head of the country's leader
- how a person works in bounded in making decisions |
|
What is bounded reality?
(4 examples) |
- limits of a leader involving making a decision
ex) not knowing all the facts ex) not knowing how other countries will react ex) intellectual/physical limits ex) Emotions (ego) |
|
Unipolar System
(2 points) |
- central power establishes and enforces rules
- central power settles disputes between subordinate units |
|
Tripolar System
(3 points) |
- 3 powers
- have good relations with other countries - prevent the cooperation of two other players |
|
What three countries were the "powers" during the Cold War Tripolar Sytem?
|
1) U.S.
2) USSR 3) China |
|
Which country played the "pivotal" role during the Cold War?
|
China
|
|
pivotal role
|
the country in a tripolar system that both of the other countries want to keep good relationships with
|
|
popular soverveignty
(2 points) |
- people governing the country, instead of a dictator
- people have the power |
|
The American and French revolutions challeneged what concept?
|
Popular Soverveignty
|
|
When did the American Revolution take place?
|
1776
|
|
When did the French Revolution take place?
|
1789
|
|
NATO
(3 points) |
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- established in 1949 - created to defend its members from outside attack |
|
WTO
(2 points) |
- World Trade Organization
- responsible for international trade |
|
EU
(2 points) |
- European Union
- global economic organization |
|
EDC
|
Economically Developed Countries
|
|
LDC
|
Less Developed Countries
|
|
IGO
(2 points) (example?) |
- InterGovernmental Organizations
- made up of countries ex) United Nations |
|
NGO
(2 points) |
- Non Government Organizations
- concerned with basically every aspect of international politics |
|
MNC
|
- MultiNational Corporations
- money is an important source of power |
|
What is the world's largest MNC?
|
Microsoft
|
|
What are the three NAFTA countries?
|
1) U.S.
2) Mexico 3) Canada |
|
NAFTA
(2 examples) |
- North American Free Trade Agreement
- established schedules for reducing tax and nontax barriers by trade |
|
NIEO
(2 points) |
- New International Economic Order
- developed to improve the terms of trade for developing nations |
|
McWorld
(2 points) |
- describes the merging of countries into an integrated world
- countries are becoming globalized |
|
Nationalism
|
when you want your own set of people to govern themselves
|
|
Decentralization
|
smaller countries, due to breaking apart of larger countries
|
|
social integration
|
homogenization of customs, particularly business practices, as cooperation is increased due to international trade and ease of communication is increased
|
|
What are the UN's big 5 powers?
|
1) U.S.
2) Russia 3) China 4) United Kingdom 5) France |
|
Irrendentism
|
when a minority population demands to join its motherland
|
|
partide
|
legal separation of races
|
|
List four examples of direct action.
|
1) Protests
2) Consumer Boycotts 3) Voting 4) Being informed |
|
Group of 77
|
coalition of countries formed to promote intrests of developing nations
|