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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Optimum |
Temp that organism grows best overtime |
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Minimum |
Temp below which organism cannot grow |
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Maximum |
Temp above which organism cannot grow |
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Maximum |
Temp above which organism cannot grow |
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Thermoduric |
Organisms that are usually mesophilic but that can also survive short bursts of high heat -pasteurization -listeria can survive in those short burst of high heat |
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Water activity (osmolarity)- |
water activity: availability of water Closer to 1–> pure water; no solutes |
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Water activity (osmolarity)- |
water activity: availability of water Closer to 1–> pure water; no solutes 0= high solute concentration |
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Osmosis |
Movement of solvent molecules across semi-permeable membrane |
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Isotonic |
Equal solute concentration in the environment and in the cell Net water movement is balanced |
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Isotonic |
Equal solute concentration in the environment and in the cell Net water movement is balanced |
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Hypotonic |
Lower solute concentration in the environment than in the cell NET WATER GOES INTO CELL Animals: swell and burst bacterial: swell but don’t burst |
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Hypertonic |
Higher solute concentration in the environment than in the cell. NET WATER GOES OUT OF CELL Animal cells: shrivel Bacterial cells: comm membrane pulls away from cell wall |
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Strict obligate aerobes |
Require the presence of oxygen to survive and produce ATP |
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Hypertonic |
Higher solute concentration in the environment than in the cell. NET WATER GOES OUT OF CELL Animal cells: shrivel Bacterial cells: cell membrane pulls away from cell wall |
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Strict obligate aerobes |
Require the presence of oxygen to survive and produce ATP |
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Strict obligate Anaerobes |
Require the absence of oxygen to survive |
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Facultative anaerobes |
Can live in the presence and or/absence of oxygen but PREFER to live in presence of oxygen. |
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Facultative anaerobes |
Can live in the presence and or/absence of oxygen but PREFER to live in presence of oxygen. -aerobic cellular respiration -anaerobic respiration -fermentation |
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Microaerophiles |
Can tolerate only small amount of oxygen |
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Aerotolerant |
Can live in the presence or absence of oxygen. Preforms anaerobic cellular respiration and fermentation. |
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Opsonization |
Coats bacteria with complement and antibodies so that phagocytes can recognize attach and attack |
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What are capsules and what are they made of? |
Polysaccharides Polypeptides |
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What kind of stain is a capsule stain? |
Negative Capsule does not get stained Background does |
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Front (Term) |
Monotrichous |
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Front (Term) |
Lophotrichous |
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Front (Term) |
Amphitrichous |
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Front (Term) |
Peritrichous |
