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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atopic eczema
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nummular eczema
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asteatotic eczema
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hand eczema
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acne
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impetigo
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common warts
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genital warts
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shingles
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seborrheic keratoses
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pityriasis versicolor
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molluscum contagiosum
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erythema nodosum
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alopecia areata
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vitiligo
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ringworm
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chickenpox
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scabies
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seborrheic dermatitis
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periorificial dermatitis
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rosacea
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psoriasis
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actinic keratoses
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BCC
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asteatotic eczema
- who gets it and why? - predisposing factors |
- common in elderly esp. on legs
- due to considerable scrubbing/bathing - other predisposing factors - low humidity, diuretics |
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pathogenesis of acne
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Four factors
- oily - increased sebum production (2 to androgens) - keratin plugs - p. acnes overgrowth - inflammation |
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general measures for dermatitis
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- soap free wash
- moisturiser - avoid irritants like wool, synthetic or prickly clothing, sandpits - wear cotton |
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what are some topical steroids you can use for dermatitis?
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- weak e.g. hydrocortisone 1% (sigmacort)
- moderate e.g. betamethasone valerate 0.02% (celestone-M); triamcinalone (aristocort); methylprednisolone 0.1% (advantan) - potent e.g. betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% (diprosone, eleuphrat), mometasone 0.1% (elocon) |
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general measures for acne
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- don't squeeze
- avoid overwashing - oil-free products - avoid overexposure to sun - low GI, balanced diet |
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pharmacological options for acne
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- comedolytics - salicylic acid, retinoids
- antibacterials - antiandrogens |
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Tx for mild acne
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- adapalene (differin)
- tretinoin (retin-A) - benzyl peroxide - topic antibiotics e.g. clindamycin, erythromycin |
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Tx for moderate acne
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- As per mild +
- oral antibiotics e.g. tetracyclines, erythromycin - antiandrogens (e.g. oral contraceptives) |
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Tx for severe acne
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- mostly oral isotretinoin
- oral antibiotics - anti androgens |
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what is impetigo
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highly contagious skin infection, esp amongst preschool kids
usually caused by staph or strep |
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Tx for impetigo
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- consider swabbing
- general hygiene - antiseptic cleansing and removal of crusts with antibacterial soap or chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine. Apply mupirocin (bactroban) TDS for 7 days - if extensive - use oral antibiotics - diflucloxacillin 500mg - stay home until healed |
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Tx for common warts
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- either nothing or
- paring + keratolytics e.g. salicylic acid - cryotherapy |
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Tx for genital warts
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- cryotherapy
- imiquimod (aldara) - podophyllotoxin |
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pt comes in with genital warts, things to consider:
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- ?STI - screening for STI, pap smear, HPV immunisation
- SCC risk |
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what is shingles?
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- react of varicella zoster virus
- usually dermatomal distribution |
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symptoms of shingles
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painful (burning), paraesthesia
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in adults, risk of shingles
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post-herpetic neuralgia
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Management of shingles
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- manage pain - paracetamol; if very severe prednisone 50mg 7 days
- antiviral - valaciclovir, aciclovir, famcyclovir (PBS funding if used within 72 hours of rash) - adult immunisation - Zostervax (live vaccine) - warn of infectivity - children can get chickenpox if exposed |
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what is pityriasis versicolor?
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chronic, often asymptomatic fungal infection
- 2 presentations - in pale skin, appear as pale red round/oval patches with superficial scales - in tanned skin, appear as hypopigmented areas |
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what is molluscum contagiosum
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viral infection of the skin caused by pox virus - molluscum contagiosum virus
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what is erythema nodosum?
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inflammation of subcut fat, usu on shins
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what is vitiligo
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autoimmune pigmentation disorder; appear as white macules with no melanocytes
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what is seborrhoeic dermatitis
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chronic scaly eruptions affecting face, scalp and chest
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periorificial dermatitis
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itchy tender small papules around the mouth but border around lips spared often pale
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common cause of periorificial dermatitis
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topical steroids
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Tx for periorificial dermatitis
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- stop all cosmetics and topical steroids
- soap-free wash - oral tetracyclines for 6-12 weeks |
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what is rosacea
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red papules and pustules in central face
other features: telangiectasia, blepharitis/conjunctivitis |
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what is psoriasis
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red scaly patches of skin; thought to be due to overactive immune system
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Tx for psoriasis
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- general skin care
- topical = steroids, calcipotriol, coal tar - systemic - UVB therapy, other retinoids (e.g. acitretin), immunosuppresants |
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what is actinic keratosis
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rough scaly spots on sun-damaged skin; precancerous
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ABCDE rule for melanoa
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Asymmetry
Border (irregular) Colour Diameter (>6mm) Evolution (in size or shape) |