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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A project can best be defined as:
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A temporary undertaking of inter-related activities having a definable time frame and objectives that creates a unique product of service.
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structured project management provides organizations with a methodology to:
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Become more efficient and effective in accomplishing goals that cannot be handled well by the traditional functional organizational structures.
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The four target core functions (key project performance) categories are:
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time, cost, scope, and quality
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the most common non-behavioral reason for projects being completed late and over budget is:
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Ill defined requirements
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a good definition of a successful project is getting the project completed:
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within time, cost, performance requirements(scope)/quality, and accepted by the user.
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a project is:
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a series of tasks that have a specific objective, defined start and end dates, are interrelated, and may or may not consume resources.
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the core function of a project manager is:
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integration
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the greater the need for project integration, the greater the project manager's ___________skills need to be.
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communication
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another name for key project processes is:
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process groups
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the process groups, (or key project processes) are: ---there's 5
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initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and control, closing
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the most significant problem area in project integration management is:
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behavioral problems
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A program is:
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a group of related projects that are managed in a coordinated way.
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A project is:
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a coordinated undertaking of interrelated activities directed toward a specific goal that has a finite period of performance.
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The traditional definition of a program is:
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A group of projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually.
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project integration management describes the processes which are:
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required to ensure that the various elements of the project are properly coordinated.
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A project management office is:
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a formalized structure directed toward the support of the project.
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The core project functions must be considered in what order?
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scope, quality, time, cost
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Which single word best describes scope:
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what
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Which is the most important "toll gate" on a project, (between which phases)?
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the one between planning and execution
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which formalities are often "skipped" in?
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closing and planning.
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the potential for adding value is greatest during which stages?
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intitiation and planning
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cost of correcting errors is highest in what stage?
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execution
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classical view:
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one best way, mechanistic, quantitative, established set of formal principles
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behavioral view:
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focuses on the human and behavioral aspects that are inherent to projects
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systems view:
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acknowledges the complexity and causal relationships inherent in projects
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contingency approach/view
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integrates the classical, behavioral and systems views of project management into a single perspective.
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the project schedule is developed during what phase?
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planning
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the most important reason that project management is more important now than 30 years ago
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the rate of change has accelerated
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building a new mcdonalds is:
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a project
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the s curve of project expenditures describes what
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the fact that project spending is highest during execution
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the key difference between a project and a program is
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a project has a clear endpoint, a program may not.
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good project objectives must be:
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realistic, attainable, specific
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what is not included in the project charter:
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activity duration estimates
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Who issues the project charter?
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a senior official in the managing organization
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The best method to achieve a realistic project plan is:
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Project manager creates the project plan based on input from the team
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the project charter can be changed by
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sponsor or senior manager
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project charter:
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a general narrative description of a project's purpose, together with a narrative statement of management authorization
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key reason for including a statement of key assumptions/concerns/constraints in the project charter is:
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it may help the team identify activities that may otherwise be omitted
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inputs to the initiation of a project include (these are things that will spark the need for a project in the first place):
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product description
strategic plan historical information selection criteria |
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project charter is effectively an agreement between the:
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project manager and the project sponsor
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in order to ensure buy in and comprehension of stakeholders project objectives must:
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be realistic and attainable
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What one word explains the statement of project objectives in the project charter
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why
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SMART
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specific, measurable, agreed-upon/assignable, realistic/relavant, and time-oriented
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triple constraint
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time, cost, quality
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What one word best describes the statement of deliverables in the project charter?
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what
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another key reason for including the assumptions, constraints and concerns section of the project charter:
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helps build team member commitment
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What best describes the implementation of several mini projects rather than a large scale project
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"rapid results initiatives"
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The project sponsors role is:
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helping to prevent unecessary changes to the project objectives
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in terms of project planning, the project constraints should be addressed in the following order:
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quality, time, cost
because you define the quality and that dictates to time and cost |
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attribution problems in relative long term objectives to project results are best described as
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problems on intervening variables that impact the long term measures that are not under the control of the project team
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scope verification is associated with which phase?
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monitoring and control
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WBS represents
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all the work content in the project
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WBS is used for:
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The basis for organizing and defining the total scope of the project
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Why should the WBS be used on a project?
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To prevent work from slipping through the cracks
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The process of creating the WBS creates what in the team?
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Team buy in.
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WBS dictionary
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defines the work that is included in each work package
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How detailed should the WBS be?
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the scope of the work should be as detailed as necessary for the type of project
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What isn't used in creating the WBS?
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organizational structure of the performing organization
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Proper project scope definition will result in:
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improved accuracy of cost and duration estimates
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The step immediately prior to generating the WBS
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Write the project scope statement
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How does scope verification differ from scope definition?
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Scope verification is accomplished after the project work tasks are complete, scope definition is primarily done before the tasks are started
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rolling wave refers to:
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THE PROGRESSIVE ELABORATION OF DETAILING OF THE PLAN THROUGHOUT THE PROJECT PHASES
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The first level of the WBS is organized by:
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Project deliverables or by project phases
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progressive elaboration in scope planning is best described as (aka rolling wave)
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start scope planning with a broad, general picture of the project then progressively add details
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100% rule
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In WBS: 100% of the work content in a WBS work package should be described by the content of the work packages below it.
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order of key project actions/documents
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Project charter
requirements documentation project scope statement WBS WBS dictionary |
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the collect requirements process results in:
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the Requirements traceability matrix
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What is the RTM:
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Requirements traceability matrix: is a table linking requirements to their origin and also linking requirements through the project life cycle (ex through testing), it guarantees a match between requirements and the test for the requirement.
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project scope baseline is composed of which documents:
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Project scope statement, WBS, WBS dictionary
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Who should develop the project scope baseline?
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Project team
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8/80 rule
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Work packages should contain between 8 and 80 hours of work
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gold plating is:
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exceeding exectation by giving the customer more than what was agreed upon
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rolling wave planning:
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near term work is planned in detail and future work is planned at a higher WBS
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technical basis for sequential precedence relationships:
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nature of the work itself demands that activities be undertaken in a particular sequence
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Policy/preferential/dicretionary/soft logic basis sequential precedence relationships:
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professional practices or standards of how the work should be done to maximize efficiency
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restricted resource basis for sequential precedence relationships:
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We can only undertake certain work at a certain time because of physical SPACE limitations
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external basis for sequential precedence relationships:
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government or customer requirements that force a certain order
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Abbreviation for precedence diagram:
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PDB
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CPM network diagram stands for:
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Critical path method network diagram
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Building the network diagram is part of:
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Project time management
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order of project time management processes:
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define activities, sequence activities, estimate resources, estimate activity duration, develop schedule
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an unintended break in a network path usually caused by missing activities or missing logical relationships.
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hanging node
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