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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Preoperational Stage
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(2-7yrs)Children in this stage are rigid and illogical because they lack mental operations necessary for logical thought.These mental operations prevent them from thinking logically.
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ORGANIZATION
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INTEGRATION OF KNOWLEDGE INTO A SYS TO MAKE SENSE OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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IRREVERSIBILITY
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RECOGNIZE THAT NOT ALL CHANGES ARE PERMANENT
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EQULIBRIUM
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THE TENDENCY TO STRIVE FOR BALANCE AMONG COGNITIVE ELEMENTS W/IN THE ORGANISM & BET THE ORGANISM AND THE OUTSIDE WORLD
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PERCEPTION BOUND
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MORE DECISIONS BASED ON THE WAY THINGS LOOK OR APPEAR
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COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
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VIEW OF DEVELOPMENT THAT IS CONCERNED W/ THOUGHT PROCESSES AND THE BEHAVIOR THAT REFLECTS THOSE PROCESSES
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TRANSDUCTIVE REASONING
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NO CAUSALITY-CAUSE/EFFECT RELATIONSHIP.CAUSE ALWAYS PRECEDES THE EFFECT
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HOW DID PIAGET VIEW CHILDREN
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AS ACTIVE, GROWING, BEINGS W/ THEIR OWN INTERNAL IMPULSES & PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT
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CENTRATION
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TENDENCY TO FOCUS NARROWLY ON 1 ASPECT PART OF SITUATION AND IGNORING OTHER RELATIVE EVIDENCE (HAVE PROB INTEGRATING 2 PIECES OF INFO AT SAME TIME)
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ASSIMILATION
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INCORPORATION OF NEW INFO INTO AN EXISTING COGNITIVE STRUCTURE
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SOCIOCENTRIC
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OPPOSITE OF EGOCENTRIC.PIAGET UNDERESTIMATES CHILD'S CAPACITY OF SOCIOCENTRIC THOUGHTS
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ADAPTATION
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ADJUSTMENT TO NEW INFO ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT THROUGH THE COMPLEMENTARY PROCESSES OF ASSIMILATION & ACCOMADATION
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EGOCENTRISM
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SEE SELVES AS CENTER OF UNIVERSE.INABILITY TO TAKE THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE OTHER
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SCHEMES
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BASIC COGNITIVE STRUCTURES CONSISTING OF ORGANIZED PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR USED IN DIFFERENT KINDS OF SITUATIONS
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RE-EMERGENCE OF EGOCENTRISM WAS EXP BY
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ELKIND
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ACCOMADATION
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CHANGES IN AN EXISTING COGNITIVE STRUCTURE TO INCLUDE NEW INFO
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PERSONAL FABLE
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IN ELKIND'S TERMINOLOGY, CONVICTION THAT ONE IS SPECIAL, UNIQUE,& NOT SUBJECT TO THE RULES THAT GOVERN THE REST OF THE WORLD
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EXP OF SCHEMES
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AN INFANT HAS A SCHEME FOR SUCKING BUT SOON DEV VARIED SCHEMES FOR HOW TO SUCK AT THE BREAST,BOTTLE,OR A THUMB
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CONSERVATION
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ABILITY TO RECOGNIZE THAT EQUAL QUANTITIES OF MATTER REMAIN EQUAL IN (LENGTH,AREA,VOL,#).AS LONG AS NOTHING IS ADDED OR TAKEN AWAY
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EXP OF ASSIMILATION
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A BREAST OR BOTTLE FED BABY WHO BEGINS TO SUCK ON THE SPROUT OF A SIPPY CUP
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HYPOTHETICAL-DEDUCTIVE REASONING
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ABILITY,BELIEVED BY PIAGET,TO ACCOMPANY THE STATE OF FORMAL OPERATIONS,TO DEVELOP,CONSIDER,AND TEST HYPOTHESIS
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ASSIMILATION AND ACCOMODATION WORK TOGETHER TO PRODUCE
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EQUILIBRIUM AND COGNITIVE GROWTH
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IN VOLUME STUDY,PAPALIA FOUND THAT 50% OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS_
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CANNOT CONSERVE VOLUME
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PIAGET BELIEVED THAT COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT BEGINS WITH
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AN INBORN ABILITY TO ADAPT TO THE ENVIRONMENT
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KOHLBERG AND GILLIAN FOUND 35% OF ADULTS NEVER ACHIEVED __BASED ON PENDULUM TASK
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FORMAL THOUGHTS
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HORIZONTAL DECALAGE
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INABILITY OF CHILD TO TRANSFER WHAT HE KNOWS ABOUT 1 KIND OF CONSERVATION TO ANOTHER (EVEN THOUGH UNDERLYING OPERATIONS ARE THE SAME)
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FORMAL OPERATIONS
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(PIAGET):THE FINAL STAGE OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, CHARACTERIZED BY THE ABILITY TO THINK ABSTRACTLY
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CONSERVATION INVOLVES
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NUMBER,LIQUID,SUBSTANCE
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IMAGINARY AUDIENCE
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IN ELKIND'S TERMINOLOGY,AN OBSERVER WHO EXISTS ONLY IN AN ADOLESCENTS MIND & IS CONCERNED W/ THE ADOLESCENTS THOUGHTS & ACTIONS AS THE ADOLESCENT IS
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ABSTRACT CONCEPT FORMATION
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MOVEMENT FROM PARTICULAR TO THE GENERAL REQUIRES INDUCTIVE REASONING.-FORMAL CONCEPTS BY REGARDING ONLY THE PROPERTIES OBJECTS HAVE IN COMMON & DISREGARDING PROPERTIES THAT ARE NOT COMMON OR SHARED
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