Psych Midterm Ch. 1

science of behaviour and mental processes

beliefs that interfere with objectivity

principle that simple explanations of phenomena are preferred to complex explanations

In drug research, positive effects with a person's beliefs and attitudes about the drug, even when it contains no active ingredients

system of investigation involving observations, proposing theories, make hypothesis, and then testing hypothesis through more research and observations

explanation for a phenomenon based on careful and precise observations

prediction about future behaviours that is derived from observation and theories

in-depth study of a single person that can often provide suggestions for further research

study of behaviour in its typical setting, with no attempt to alter it

grap that depicts the relation between two variables

number ranging between -1.00 and +1.00 that represents the degree and direction of relation between two variables

research method that involves collecting information from a selected group of people who are representative of a larger group

sample selected so that it reflects the characteristics of a population of interest to the researcher

a hollistic research method that seeks to provide a complete narrative description of an entire phenomenon or culture

research method that involves manipulating independent variables to determine how they effect dependent variables

variable manipulated by a researcher to determine its effects on a dependent variable

variable that shows the outcome of an experiment by revealing the effects of an independent variable

a careful and precise definition that allows other researchers to repeat an experiment

the group in an experiment that receives the e

effect of the independent variable being manipulated

a comparison group in an experiment that does not receive the effect of the independent variable being manipulated

variables other than the independent variable that can influence the outcome of an experiment

assignment of experimental participants to two or more groups on the basis of chance

branch of mathematics that involves the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data

procedures used to summarize any set of data

procedures used to analyze data after an experiment is completed; used to determine if the independent variable has a significant effect

descriptive measures of a set of data that tell us about a typical score

descriptive measures that tell us about the amount of variablitity or spread in a set of data

written document in which a person who might be involved in a research study agrees to participate after receiving information about the researcher's specific procedures

procedure during which a complete explanation of research that has involved deception is provided to a participant

earliest approach in modern psychology by Titchener. Its goal was to analyze the basic elements of conscious experience

structural psychologists' major method, in which participants reported the contents of their conscious experience

study of higher mental processes, such as thinking, knowing and deciding

approach to psychology that focuses on the purposes of consciousness

approach to psychology most notes for emphasizing that our perception of a whole is different from our perception of the individual stimuli

perspective that focuses on observable behaviour and emphasizes the learned nature of behaviour

view taken by Sigmund Freud and his followers suggesting that normal and abnormal behaviours are determined primarily by unconscious forces

treatment for maladaptive behaviour developed by Freud, it's goal is to bring unconscious causes of behaviour to the conscious level

approach to psychology associated with Maslow and Rogers; emphasizes free will and individuals' control over their own behaviour

view that behaviours and mental processes can be understood and explained by studying the underlying physiology

interest in the role a physiological structure or behaviour plays in helping an organism adapt to its environment

view that focuses on the study of how thought occurs, how our memories work, and how information is organized and stored

view of psychology that combines several different approaches

involves the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders

the view that other cultures are an extension of your own

brand pf psychology whose goal is to determine if research results can be applied to other cultures

psychologist who applies psychology to problems of businesses and other organziations

studies consumers and the choices they make

subfield of psychology that is concerned with how psychological and social variables effect health and illness

who applies psychology to law and legal proceedings