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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is social psychology?
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The scientific study of how we influence one another's behavior and thinking
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What is conformity?
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Change in behavior, belief to conform to a group norm
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Informational social influence
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Influence from the need for information in situations in which the correct action is uncertain
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Normative social influence
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Effect stemming from our desire to gain approval and avoid disapproval from others
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Compliance
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Acting in accordance to a request from another person/group
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Foot-in-the-door technique
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Compliance to a large request is gained by preceding it with a very small request
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Door-in-the-face technique
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Compliance by starting with an unreasonable request and following with a more reasonable one
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Low-ball technique
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Compliance to a costly request is achieved by getting compliance to an attractive, less costly one
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That's-not-all technique
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Second request with additional benefits is made before a response to a first request can be made
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Obedience
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Following commands of a person in authority
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Social facilitation
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Facilitation of dominant response due to social arousal, which leads to improvement on simple tasks and worse performance on complex tasks when ppl are present
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Social loafing
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Tendency for people to exert less effort when working in a group to a goal
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Diffusion of responsibility
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Responsibility for a task is diffused across all members of the group (individual responsibility lessened)
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Bystander effect
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Probability of an individual helping in an emergency is greater when there is only one bystander
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Deindividualization
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Loss of self-awareness in a group situation
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Group polarization
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Strengthening of group's opinion following group discussion
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Groupthink
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Mode of group thinking that impairs decision making (desire for harmony overrides realistic appraisal)
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Attribution
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Process by which we explain our own behavior and the behavior of others
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Fundamental attribution error
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Tendency to overestimate internal influences and underestimate
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Just-world hypothesis
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Assumption that the world is just and people get what they deserve
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Primacy effect
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Early information more important than later info in forming an impression of another person
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Self-fullfilloing prophecy
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Our behavior towards a person based on our expectations encourages the person to act in accordance with our expectations
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Actor-observer bias
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Tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational influences, but others behavior to dispositional influences
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Self-serving bias
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Tendency to make attributions so that one can perceive oneself favorably
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False consensus effect
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Tendency to overestimate commonality of one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors
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False uniqueness effect
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Tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities
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Attitudes
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Evaluative reactions towards things
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Cognitive dissonance theory
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People change their attitudes to reduce cognitive discomfort by inconsistencies between their attitudes and behavior
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Self-perception theory
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When we are unsure of our attitudes we infer them be examining our behavior in context
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