Radiographic Procedures Test 1

Which of the following are NOT one of the 4 basic types of tissue in the human body?

A) Integumentary

B) Connective

C) Nervous

D) Osseous

E) Muscular

F) Epithelial

How many separate bones are found in the adult human body?

Which system maintains the acid-base balance in the body?

The two divisions of the human skeleton are:

Which portion of the long bones is responsible for the production of red blood cells?

What type of tissue covers the ends of the long bones?

The narrow space between the inner and outer table of the flat bones in the cranium is called the:

What is the primary center for endochondral ossification in long bones?

What is the name of the secondary growth centers of endochondral ossification found in long bones?

The aspect of long bones where bone growth in length occurs is termed:

A skull suture has the structural classification of a __________ joint.

The symphysis pubis has the structural classification of a __________ joint

Which specific joint is the only true syndesmosis, amphiarthrodial, fibrous joint?

Sternum is classified as a

Femur is classified as a

Tarsal Bones are classified as

Pelvic Bones are classified as

Scapulae are classified as

Humerus are classified as

Vertebrae are classified as

Calvarium are classified as

The three structural classifications of joints are synovial, cartilaginous, and:

The First Carpometacarpal Joint has a ____________ movement

The Intercarpal Joint has a ____________ movement

The Hip Joint has a ____________ movement

The Proximal Radioulnar Joint has a ____________ movement

The Interpahlangeal Joint has a ____________ movement

The Fourth Metacarpophalangeal Joint has a ____________ movement

The Knee Joint has a ____________ movement

The Wrist Joint has a ____________ movement

The Joint between C1 and C2 has a ____________ movement

The Ankle Joint has a ____________ movement

Which plane divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts?

T or F: The term radiographs and image receptor refer to the same thing.

A longitudinal plane that divides the body into right and left parts is the:

Near the source or beginning

Away from head of the body

Inside of something

Increasing the angle of a joint

Outward stress of the foot

Movement of an extremity away from the midline

Turning palm downward

A backward movement

To move around in the form of a circle

Toward the center

Away from the source or beginning

On the opposite side of the body

Lying down in any position

Head lower than the feet position

Upright position, palms forward

Top of the foot

Frankfort horizontal plane

A plane at right angle to the longitudinal plane

Head higher than feet position

Palm of hand

Sole of foot

Front half of body

A plane that divides body into anterior and posterior halves

A recumbent position with knees and hips flexed with support for legs

The direction or path of the central ry of the x-ray beam defines the positioning term:

A patient is placed in a recumbent position facing downward. The left side of the body is turned 30 degrees toward the image receptor. Which specific position has been performed?

A patient is placed into a recumbent position facing downward. The x-ray tube is directed horizontally and enters the left side and exits the right side of the body. An image receptor is placed against the right side of the patient. Which position has been performed?

A patient is erect with her back to the image receptor. The central ray enters the anterior aspect and exits the posterior aspect of the body. Which projection has been performed?

A patient is lying down facing upward with the posterior surface of the body against the image receptor. The right side of the body is turned 45 degrees toward the image receptor. The x-ray tube is directed vertically and enters the anterior surface of the body. Which position has been performed?

An elbow projection is taken with the posterior surface placed against the image receptor. The elbow is rotated 20 degrees outwardly. Which specific projection has been performed?

A specific projection of the foot in which the central ray enters the anterior surface and exits the posterior surface is termed:

A patient is placed in a recumbent position with the body tilted so that the head is higher than the feet. The image receptor is under the patient and the x-ray tube is above the patient. Which is the general position of the patient?

The anterior surface of the right knee of the patient is facing the image receptor. The anterior aspect of the knee and lower leg is rotated 15 degrees toward the midline. Which specific projection has been performed?

What is the name of the projection in which the central ray merely skims a body part?

What is the name of the specific projection in which the central ray enters the left side of the chest and exits the opposite side?

What is the specific projection that enters the posterior aspect of the skull and exits the acanthion?

Which one of the following is an example of an axial projection?

A) Transthoracic Lateral

B) Mediolateral Ankle

C) AP chest with 20 degree cephalic angle

D) AP abdomen with 30 degree rotation to the left

Which one of the following positioning terms is no longer considered valid in the US?

A) Radiographic View

B) Radiographic Position

C) Radiographic Projection

D) Semi-axial Projection

Proximal is opposite of

Cephalad is opposite of

Ipsilateral is opposite of

Medial is opposite of

Superficial is opposite of

Internal is opposite of

Lordosis is opposite of

AP is opposite of

Superior is opposite of

Dorsoplantar is opposite of

Which one of the following is NOT one of the four primary image quality factors?

A) Density

B) Contrast

C) Kilovoltage (kV)

D) Detail

E) Distortion

The amount of blackness on a processed radiograph is called:

Which exposure factor primarily controls radiographic density?

T or F: For an underexposed radiograph, the mAs must be increased by a factor of four to produce a visible change in radiographic density.

A radiograph of the knee reveals that it is overexposed and must be repeated. The original technique used 10 mAs. What change will improve the image during the repeat exposure?

The primary controlling factor for radiographic contrast is:

Chest radiography requires long-scale contrast. Which set of exposure factors will produce this?

A) 50 kV, 20 mAs

B) 65 kV, 15 mAs

C) 110 kV, 2 mAs

D) 80 kV, 5 mAs

Which one of the following sets of exposure factors will produce the highest (short-scale) radiographic contrast?

A) 60 kV, 30 mAs

B) 80 kV, 20 mAs

C) 96 kV, 5 mAs

D) 120 kV, 2 mAs

T or F: Kilovoltage is a secondary controlling factor for radiographic density.

T or F: A low-kilovoltage technique (50 kV) produces a long-scale contrast image.

A radiograph of the elbow reveals that it is overexposed. The technologist wants to adjust kV rather than mAs for the repeat exposure. This is contrary to common practice. The original analog exposure factors were 70 kV and 5 mAs. Which of the following kV settings would reduce radiographic density by one-half?

A) 80 kV and 5 mAs

B) 66 kV and 5 mAs

C) 60 kV and 5 mAs

D) 56 kV and 5 mAs

Which of the following techniques or devices will reduce the amount of scatter radiation striking the IR?

A) Collimation

B) Lower kV

C) Grids

D) All of the above

T or F: Recorded detail or spatial resolution is optimal with a long object image receptor distance (OID) and a short SID.

Which of the following factors best controls involuntary cardiac motion artifact?

A) Careful instructions given to the patient

B) High kV technique

C) Practicing with patient when to hold breath

D) Shortening the exposure time

The technologist is asked to produce a high-quality image of the carpal (wrist) bones. the emergency room physician suspects that the patient has a very small fracture of one of the bones. Which one of following sets of technical factors will produce an image with the highest degree of radiographic resolution?

A) 1.0-mm focal spot and 30-inch (77cm) SID

B) 2.0-mm focal spot and 36-inch (92cm) SID

C) 0.5-mm focal spot and 40-inch (102cm) SID

D) 0.3-mm focal spot and 40-inch (102cm) SID

Rather than rely on the anode heel effect, what can be used to equalize density of specific anatomy?

Which type of compensating filter is recommended for an AP projection of the shoulder?

Which type of compensation filter is recommended for an axiolateral hip projection?

Which type of grid cutoff is created if the CR and the face of the grid are not perpendicular to each other?

Which one of the following projections requires the use of a grid?

A) PA hand

B) Axial calcaneus (heel)

C) AP abdomen

D) AP elbow

The misrepresentation of an object's size or shape projected on a radiograph is called:

Which of the following sets of factors MINIMIZES radiographic distortion to the greatest degree?

A) 40-inch (102cm) SID and 8-inch(20-cm) OID

B) 44-inch (113cm) SID and 6-inch (15cm) OID

C) 72-inch (183cm) SID and 3-inch (7.5cm) OID

D) 60-inch (154cm) SID and 4-inch (10cm) OID

T or F: To best use the anode heel effect, the thinner aspect of the anatomic part should be placed under the cathode aspect of the x-ray tube.

The best method to reduce distortion of the joints of the hand is to keep the fingers __________ to the IR.

T or F: Changes in kV have little impact on patient dose with digital imaging.

T or F: kV and mAs do not have the same direct effect on image quality with digital imaging as they do with IR-screen imaging.

The amount of blackness seen on a processed radiograph is called:

T or F: When placing radiographs of the hand on the view box, the digits should be pointing upward.

Misrepresentation of object size or shape as projected onto radiographic recording data is the general definition for:

What change will improve recorded resolution?

Which place specifically divides the body into equal right and left halves?

Radiographers can control voluntary motion by:

A radiograph of the abdomen demonstrates involuntary motion due to bowel peristalsis (involuntary contractions). Which of the following factors will best eliminate this problem with the repeat exposure?

Caudad

Proximal

Extension

Radial Deviation

Inversion

Dorsiflexion of the foot

Adduction

Abduction

Pronation

Cephalad

Distal

Flexion

Ulnar Deviation

Eversion

Plantar flexion of the foot

Supination

Interior

Exterior

Superficial

Deep

Ipsilateral

Contralateral

Medial

Lateral

The radiographic term projection is defined as:

The term that refers to parts farthest form the point of attachment, point of reference, or away from the center of the body is:

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a post reduction (to realign a fracture) study of the ankle?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a hand?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a forearm?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a femur?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a knee?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a humerus?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a pelvis study?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a abdomen (KUB)?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a table chest?

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a study of the right hip?

What type of radiographic contrast is produced with a high (120) kV technique?

A ____% increase in kV will increase the density the same as doubling the mAs.

What primarily controls radiographic density?

Osteology

Arthrology

Long Bones

Short and Flat Bones

Irregular Bones

Sagittal Plane

Midsagittal Plane

Coronal Plane

Midcoronal Plane

Horizontal (axial) Plane

Projection

Supine

Prone

Oblique

Erect

Recumbent

Decubitus

True Lateral

Lateral Recumbent

Minimum of 2 projections needed when...

Minimum of 3 projections when...

Long bones require __ projections, must include ________, and must have __ views (_______ and _______), __ degrees apart.

When viewing a radiograph, the patient's _____ must be to the viewer's _____.

When viewing radiographs, the limbs must be in the ____________ and hands and feet must be __________.

The light field corresponds to the...

When using the bucky, the light field must be centered to the _____ in the _____.

Light field should be ________ to correct size and never be larger than the _______ size.

Body part of interest should be...

Analog Exposure Factors

Denisty

mAs

kV

Density adjustment rule

Density Repeat Rule

Anode Heel Effect

Compensating Filters

Radiographic Contrast

High Contrast

Low Contrast

Spatial Resolution

Use a _________ whenever possible to improve detail

Use _________ time possible to control voluntary/involuntary motion

Use faster __________ to control voluntary/involuntary motion

Use longer _____ to improve resolution

Use shorter _____ to improve resolution

Distortion