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122 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the first book of the New Testament to be written?
• a. Matthew • b. Romans • c. First Thessalonians • d. Mark |
c. First Thessalonians
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The spread of Greek culture and language is known as _____.
• a. paganism • b. Hellenization • c. Greco-Roman world • d. daimonia |
b. Hellenization
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Greco-Roman religion incorporated which of the following?
• a. Creeds • b. Tolerance • c. Sacred Texts • d. Ethical commitments |
b. Tolerance
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Which of the following was not a household deity?
• a. Penates • b. Lares • c. Daimonia • d. Genius |
c. Daimonia
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Who among the following was not thought to be a demi-god or divine man?
• a. Alexander the Great • b. Pythagoras • c. Heracles • d. Philostratus |
d. Philostratus
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When individuals wished to know the will of a god, they visited a(n) _____.
• a. oracle • b. cult • c. daimonia • d. lares |
a. oracle
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Most people in the ancient world believed that _____.
• a. religion brought a happy afterlife • b. religion brought immortality • c. religion secured life in this world • d. religion helped only moral people |
c. religion secured life in this world
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Who among the following was often believed to be divine?
• a. senators • b. equestrians • c. emperor • d. augurs |
c. emperor
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Which term refers to the interpretation of a sacrificial animal's entrails?
• a. lares • b. oracles • c. extispicy • d. divination |
c. extispicy
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n the Greco-Roman world, the religious and political realms typically _____.
• a. functioned together in hopes of securing peace and prosperity • b. remained distinct; politicians did not participate in religion • c. remained distinct; politicians created their own religions • d. clashed; they couldn't agree on appropriate forms of worship |
b. remained distinct; politicians did not participate in religion
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In the ancient world, most people _____.
• a. were priests • b. worshipped the same, exclusive set of gods • c. participated in religious rituals • d. were monotheists |
c. participated in religious rituals
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Understanding Greco-Roman religion is useful for the study of the New Testament because _____.
• a. the Greco-Roman world foreshadows the early Christian experience • b. New Testament authors wrote within the context of the Greco-Roman world • c. Greco-Roman prophets made predictions about Jesus • d. Jesus' ministry focused on converting pagans |
c. Greco-Roman prophets made predictions about Jesus
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The term 'Gentile' designates _____.
• a. a non-Jew • b. a Jew • c. a disciple of Jesus • d. someone who is Hellenized. |
a. a non-Jew
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Which claim about Jesus would have been most easily understood by pagans?
• a. Jesus offers salvation from sin • b. Jesus maintains the Torah • c. Jesus is the Messiah d. Jesus performs miracles |
d. jesus performs miracles
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The Septuagint is _____.
• a. the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible • b. a Roman Emperor • c. a region of the Greco-Roman world • d. a god |
a. the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible
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Which of the following was not unique to Judaism?
• a. Covenant • b. Torah • c. Animal Sacrifice • d. Synagogue |
c. Animal Sacrifice
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Who was allowed to enter the Holy of Holies?
• a. Essenes • b. Josephus • c. Jesus • d. High Priest |
d. high priest
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Which of the following activities did not take place in synagogues?
• a. gathering of Jews • b. reading of Scripture • c. offering of sacrifices • d. praying |
c. offering of sacrifices
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• Which of the following groups is not mentioned in the New Testament?
• a. Pharisees • b. Sadducees • c. Essenes • d. Jews |
c. Essenes
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Which group believed in the authority of the oral law?
• a. Pharisees • b. Fourth Philosophy • c. Essenes • d. Sadducees |
a. pharisees
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Which group left Jerusalem because they thought the Temple was defiled?
• a. Pharisees • b. Fourth Philosophy • c. Essenes • d. Josephus |
c. Essenes
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Which group urged armed rebellion against foreign powers in Palestine?
• a. Pharisees • b. Fourth Philosophy • c. Sadducees • d. Josephus |
b. Fourth Philosophy
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Who among the following was not a Jewish holy man?
• a. Honi the circle-drawer • b. Jesus • c. Hanina ben-Dosa • d. Apollonius of Tyana |
d. Apollonius of Tyana
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• d
• Jews in Palestine disliked the Syrian ruler Antiochus Epiphanes because _____. • a. he was not of the right priestly line • b. he forbade the Jews to practice their religion • c. he required men to remove the marks of circumcision • d. he destroyed the temple |
c. he required men to remove the marks of circumcision
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The Jewish response to Antiochus Epiphanes's actions was _____.
• a. a silent protest • b. the Maccabean Revolt • c. the diaspora • d. conversion to Christianity |
b. the Maccabean Revolt
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Who discussed the sects of Judaism that emerged in the 1st century B.C.E.?
• a. Paul • b. Philo • c. Josephus • d. Tacitus |
c. Josephus
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Most Jews in Palestine were _____.
• a. Pharisees • b. Sadducees • c. Essenes • d. unaffiliated |
d. unaffiliated
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The Sadducees believed which one of the following texts was authoritative?
• a. Talmud • b. Septuagint • c. Torah • d. Mishnah |
c. Torah
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• c
• The group of texts used by the Essenes is called _____. • a. the Nag Hammadi Library • b. the Dead Sea Scrolls • c. the oral law d. the Torah |
b. the Dead Sea Scroll
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Scholars think Jesus died around _____.
• a. 20 C.E. • b. 30 C.E. • c. 50 C.E. • d. 70 C.E. |
b. 30 C.E.
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Who is the earliest of the New Testament writers?
• a. the author of the Gospel of John • b. the author of Hebrews • c. the author of the Gospel of Matthew • d. Paul |
d. paul
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Which of the following languages did Jesus speak?
• a. Coptic • b. Aramaic • c. Latin • d. Greek |
b. Aramaic
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• b
• Which canonical Gospel was probably written last? • a. Matthew • b. Mark • c. Luke • d. John |
d. JOhn
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The early Christian mission was conducted primarily _____.
• a. through public preaching to large numbers of people • b. through private interactions • c. in revivals • d. by distributing copies of the New Testament |
b. through private interactions
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Oral cultures tend to _____.
• a. maintain verbal accuracy of stories • b. understand stories as changeable • c. produce accurate historical writings • d. have a high literacy rate |
b. understand stories as changeable
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In the Greco-Roman world, stories about a god having the power to heal _____.
• a. were unique to Christianity • b. were unique among Jews and Christians • c. were relatively common • d. were forbidden |
c. were relatively common
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Evidence suggests that the early Christians did all of the following except
• a. create stories about Jesus • b. change stories about Jesus • c. write down stories about Jesus • d. use accounts written by Jesus' original disciples |
d. use accounts written by Jesus' original disciples
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The circulation of oral traditions about Jesus _____.
• a. maintained accurate, eyewitness reports • b. occurred only within Palestine • c. was tightly controlled • d. produced many differences in the stories |
d. produced many differences in the stories
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What is commemorated by the Jewish festival of Passover?
• a. The exodus from Egypt • b. The crucifixion of Jesus • c. The building of the Temple • d. The giving of the Law to Moses |
a. The exodus from Egypt
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According to the Gospel of John, Jesus died _____.
• a. the day before the Passover meal • b. the week before Passover • c. the day after the Passover meal • d. the week after Passover |
a. the day before the Passover meal
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Which of the New Testament Gospels begins with a mention of its sources?
• a. Mark • b. Matthew • c. Luke • d. John |
c. Luke
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Ancient biographies are most concerned with which of the following?
• a. recording complete factual data • b. inner development of the subject • c. portraying essential character traits • d. using only written sources |
c. portraying essential character traits
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When were the names Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John attached to the New Testament Gospels?
• a. when they were originally composed • b. first century C.E. • c. second century C.E. • d. third century C.E. |
• c. second century C.E.
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• 'Synoptic' means _____.
• a. three • b. Gospel • c. to see together • d. editor |
c. to see together
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Which of the following is not a Synoptic Gospel?
• a. Matthew • b. Mark • c. Luke • d. John |
d. john
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What is the most accepted resolution to the Synoptic Problem?
• a. Markan Priority • b. Q • c. the four-source hypothesis • d. the messianic secret |
• c. the four-source hypothesis
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Both Matthew and Luke used _____ as a literary source.
• a. John • b. Peter • c. Jesus • d. Mark |
d. mark
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Markan Priority means _____.
• a. Mark was the first Synoptic Gospel written • b. Mark is the first book in the New Testament • c. Mark is more historically accurate than the other Gospels • d. Mark is the best Gospel |
a. Mark was the first Synoptic Gospel written
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The Gospel of Mark begins with _____.
• a. John the Baptist's birth • b. Jesus' birth • c. The angel Gabriel appearing to Mary • d. Jesus' baptism by John |
d. Jesus' baptism by John
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Q refers to a hypothetical source shared by which two Gospels?
• a. Mark and John • b. Mark and Matthew • c. The angel Gabriel appearing to Mary • d. Matthew and Luke |
d. Matthew and Luke
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In pre-Christian Jewish circles, the term 'Christ' referred to all of the following except
• a. a cosmic judge • b. a warrior • c. a priest • d. a persecuted person |
d. a persecuted person
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John, the forerunner of Jesus, proclaims forgiveness of sins and performs _____.
• a. circumcisions • b. baptisms • c. repentance • d. miracles |
b. baptisms
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All of the following figures recognize Jesus in Mark except
• a. the demons • b. John the Baptist • c. the Gentile soldier at the cross • d. the reader of the Gospel |
b. John the Baptist
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Mark suggests that the Jewish authorities opposed Jesus because_____.
• a. he broke the law • b. he was not Jewish • c. he was the messiah • d. he did not worship in the Temple |
a. he broke the law
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In first-century Judaism, the term 'Son of Man' referred to _____.
• a. God's son • b. a cosmic figure • c. the king • d. the high priest |
b. a cosmic figure
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At his trial in Mark, the Sanhedrin charged Jesus with _____.
• a. theft • b. blasphemy • c. being empowered by Satan • d. not observing Sabbath laws |
b. blasphemy
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In Mark, what is Jesus' response to his impending death?
• a. He is cheerful • b. He is indifferent • c. He seems to doubt his mission • d. He refuses to go through with it |
c. He seems to doubt his mission
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In Mark, when Mary, Mary, and Salome discover the empty tomb, they _____.
• a. tell Peter • b. say nothing • c. praise God d. begin Christian missions |
b. say nothing
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• The Gospel of Matthew used all of the following sources except
• a. Mark • b. Q • c. M • d. L |
d. L
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Matthew traces Jesus' lineage to _____.
• a. Abraham • b. God • c. Adam • d. Moses |
a. Abraham
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Matthew's birth narrative centers mostly on _____.
• a. Anna • b. Joseph • c. John the Baptist • d. Gabriel |
b. Joseph
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At the beginning of the Gospel of Matthew, Mary and Joseph live in _____.
• a. Nazareth • b. Bethlehem • c. Jerusalem • d. Caesarea |
b. Bethlehem
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All of the following are included in Matthew's infancy narrative except
• a. Jesus' birth in Bethlehem • b. Herod's slaughter of children • c. Gabriel's appearance to Mary • d. Jesus' family moving to Egypt |
c. Gabriel's appearance to Mary
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Scholars refer to Matthew's use of Hebrew Scripture to show Jesus is the messiah as _____.
• a. fulfillment citations • b. proof texts • c. scripture references • d. prophetic sayings |
a. fulfillment citations
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Redaction criticism focuses on _____.
• a. Jesus' divinity • b. an editor's work • c. the genre of a piece of literature • d. a criticism of a writer's style |
b. an editor's work
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Matthew portrays Jesus as the new _____.
• a. David • b. High Priest • c. Moses • d. Pharisee |
c. moses
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Much of the Sermon on the Mount is taken from which one of these sources?
• a. Mark • b. Luke • c. M • d. Q |
d. Q
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Which of the following is a major part of the Sermon on the Mount?
• a. Beatitudes • b. Baptism • c. Miracles • d. Temptation |
a. Beatitudes
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For Matthew, the core of the Law is _____.
• a. the commandment to love • b. the commandment against adultery • c. the commandment to sacrifice • d. to believe in Jesus' death and resurrection |
a. the commandment to love
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In the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus' main opponent(s) are _____.
• a. the Jewish people • b. the Jewish leaders • c. Pilate • d. Herod |
b. the Jewish leaders
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Which of the following occurs only in Matthew?
• a. Jesus' trial before Pilate • b. Jesus' trial before Herod • c. Pilate's washing of his hands of Jesus' blood • d. The Jews' preference to release Barabbas instead of Jesus |
c. Pilate's washing of his hands of Jesus' blood
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The Gospel of the Nazareans is similar to Matthew, but _____.
• a. lacks a birth narrative • b. was composed in Hebrew • c. rejects the maintenance of the Jewish Law d. is among the Dead Sea Scrolls |
a. lacks a birth narrative
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How many first-century pagan authors mention Jesus?
• a. none • b. one • c. two • d. three |
a. none
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The only Jewish author to mention Jesus within 100 years of his life is
• a. Josephus • b. Pliny • c. Plutarch • d. Apollonius |
a. Josephus.
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All of the following are problems with using the Gospels to establish the historical Jesus except
• a. they were written decades after Jesus' death • b. the authors were not eyewitnesses • c. none of the sayings go back to Jesus • d. the books were written anonymously |
b. the authors were not eyewitnesses
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According to the textbook, when did Christianity begin?
• a. with Jesus ministry • b. with Jesus' birth • c. when Jesus called his disciples • d. with the belief in Jesus' resurrection |
d. with the belief in Jesus' resurrection
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In the New Testament, who claims to have seen Jesus after his death?
• a. Paul • b. Josephus • c. the centurion at the cross • d. Martha |
a. Paul
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According to all of the New Testament Gospels, who discovered the empty tomb?
• a. the Jews • b. Peter • c. women • d. Paul |
c. women
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The earliest Christians used which of the following to explain Jesus' messiahship?
• a. the Talmud • b. the New Testament • c. The Antiquities of the Jews • d. Hebrew Scripture |
d. Hebrew Scripture
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In contrast to most Jews' expectations, Christians came to believe that the messiah was _____.
• a. a powerful king • b. a priestly figure • c. an innocent suffering man • d. Elijah |
c. an innocent suffering man
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Scholars refer to the passages in Isaiah that (according to early Christians) prophesied Jesus' passion as _____.
• a. Songs of the Suffering Servant • b. Prophecies about Jesus • c. Passion Passages • d. Messianic Psalms |
a. Songs of the Suffering Servant
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The idea of the 'Son of Man' first appears in _____.
• a. Paul • b. Jesus' teachings • c. the New Testament Gospels • d. the book of Daniel |
d. the book of Daniel
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Jesus' earliest followers _____.
• a. rejected Jesus' apocalyptic beliefs • b. accepted Jesus' apocalyptic beliefs • c. denied Jesus' bodily resurrection • d. doubted Jesus' messiahship |
b. accepted Jesus' apocalyptic beliefs
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After Jesus' resurrection, Christians believed that _____.
• a. he would remain on earth until the Son of Man came • b. he would wait with Christians in purgatory until the Son of Man came • c. he had been exalted to heaven • d. he died again |
c. he had been exalted to heaven
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Pagans typically would have understood the term 'Son of Man' as referring to _____.
• a. a cosmic judge • b. a human being • c. God • d. a priestly figure |
b. a human being
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In his reference to Jesus' resurrection, Paul reveals that _____.
• a. women were the first witnesses • b. the tomb was empty • c. some of Jesus' closest followers believed he was raised from the dead • d. he was suspicious of this claim |
c. some of Jesus' closest followers believed he was raised from the dead
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For apocalyptic Jews, which of the following was not typically associated with the end of the age?
• a. the resurrection of the dead • b. the Kingdom of God • c. the arrival of the Son of Man • d. the death of the messiah |
d. the death of the messiah
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Different early Christians communities thought Jesus attained Son of God status at all of the following points except
• a. at his birth • b. at his baptism • c. at his first miracle • d. at his resurrection |
c. at his first miracle
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Which of the following helped minimize the diversity of early Christian depictions of Jesus?
• a. the creation of the New Testament canon • b. the Gospel of Peter • c. use of the Jewish Scriptures • d. eyewitness accounts of the disciples |
a. the creation of the New Testament canon
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Christians believed Jesus' role after the resurrection included all of the following except
• a. missionary to the Gentiles • b. cosmic judge • c. unique Son of God d. exalted ruler |
a. missionary to the Gentiles
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All of the following are problems with using the Gospels to establish the historical Jesus except
a. they were written decades after Jesus' death b. the authors were not eyewitnesses c. none of the sayings go back to Jesus d. the books were written anonymously |
c. none of the sayings go back to Jesus.
none of the sayings go back to Jesus |
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The criterion of dissimilarity says that a tradition is more likely historically reliable if _____.
a. it agrees with Jesus' teachings b. it agrees with proto-orthodox theology c. it disagrees with the author's theology d. it is not found in another source |
c. it disagrees with the author's theology.
it disagrees with the author's theology |
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Jesus began his ministry _____.
a. by preaching in the temple b. by being baptized by John c. by arguing with the Pharisees d. by joining the Essene communit |
d. his preexistence.
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Jesus' baptism by John does not pass _____.
a. independent attestation b. the criterion of dissimilarity c. contextual credibility d. none (it passes all of the above) |
d. none (it passes all of the above).
none (it passes all of the above) |
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All of the following are indications of Jesus' apocalyptic actions except
a. his crucifixion b. the cleansing of the Temple c. calling twelve disciples d. his preexistence |
d. righteous people would be taken up alive into heaven.
righteous people would be taken up alive into heaven |
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Which of the following texts does not portray Jesus as an apocalypticist?
a. Q b. contextual credibility c. M d. Thomas |
d. Thomas
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All of the following are associated with Jesus' apocalyptic thought except
a. the coming kingdom of God b. the coming judgment brought by the Son of Man c. the reversal of fortunes d. righteous people would be taken up alive into heaven |
b. bring his message to the center of Judaism.
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Which of the following people/groups was not apocalyptically minded?
a. John the Baptist b. Sadducees c. Jesus d. Paul |
b. Sadducees.
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Historically speaking, it is probable that Jesus came to Jerusalem at the end of his life in order to _____.
a. die for the sins of the world b. bring his message to the center of Judaism c. celebrate Yom Kippur d. be raised from the dead |
b. bring his message to the center of Judaism
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Jesus provides the continuity of apocalyptic belief between which of the following?
a. John the Baptist and the early church b. Tacitus and the church c. Paul and the church d. There is no continuity of apocalyptic belief |
a. John the Baptist and the early church.
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1. All of the following are problems with using the Gospels to establish the historical Jesus except
a. they were written decades after Jesus' death b. the authors were not eyewitnesses c. none of the sayings go back to Jesus d. the books were written anonymously |
d. the books were written anonymously
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3. The criterion of dissimilarity says that a tradition is more likely historically reliable if _____.
a. it agrees with Jesus' teachings b. it agrees with proto-orthodox theology c. it disagrees with the author's theology d. it is not found in another source |
c. it disagrees witht he author's theology
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4. Jesus' baptism by John does not pass _____.
a. independent attestation b. the criterion of dissimilarity c. contextual credibility d. none (it passes all of the above) |
d. none (it passes all of the above)
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5. Which of the following texts does not portray Jesus as an apocalypticist?
a. Q b. contextual credibility c. M d. Thomas |
d. Thomas
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6. Which of the following people/groups was not apocalyptically minded?
a. John the Baptist b. Sadducees c. Jesus d. Paul |
b. b. Sadducees
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7. Jesus provides the continuity of apocalyptic belief between which of the following?
a. John the Baptist and the early church b. Tacitus and the church c. Paul and the church d. There is no continuity of apocalyptic belief |
a. John the Baptist and the early church
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8. Jesus began his ministry _____.
a. by preaching in the temple b. by being baptized by John c. by arguing with the Pharisees d. by joining the Essene community |
b. by being baptized by John
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10. All of the following are indications of Jesus' apocalyptic actions except
a. his crucifixion b. the cleansing of the Temple c. calling twelve disciples d. his preexistence |
d. his preexistence
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11. All of the following are associated with Jesus' apocalyptic thought except
a. the coming kingdom of God b. the coming judgment brought by the Son of Man c. the reversal of fortunes d. righteous people would be taken up alive into heaven |
d. righteous people would be taken up alive into heaven
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12. Historically speaking, it is probable that Jesus came to Jerusalem at the end of his life in order to _____.
a. die for the sins of the world b. bring his message to the center of Judaism c. celebrate Yom Kippur d. be raised from the dead |
b. bring his message to the center of Judaism
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1. All of the following are problems with using the Gospels to establish the historical Jesus except
a. they were written decades after Jesus' death b. the authors were not eyewitnesses c. none of the sayings go back to Jesus d. the books were written anonymously |
d. the books were written anonymously
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3. The criterion of dissimilarity says that a tradition is more likely historically reliable if _____.
a. it agrees with Jesus' teachings b. it agrees with proto-orthodox theology c. it disagrees with the author's theology d. it is not found in another source |
c. it disagrees witht he author's theology
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4. Jesus' baptism by John does not pass _____.
a. independent attestation b. the criterion of dissimilarity c. contextual credibility d. none (it passes all of the above) |
d. none (it passes all of the above)
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5. Which of the following texts does not portray Jesus as an apocalypticist?
a. Q b. contextual credibility c. M d. Thomas |
d. Thomas
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6. Which of the following people/groups was not apocalyptically minded?
a. John the Baptist b. Sadducees c. Jesus d. Paul |
b. b. Sadducees
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7. Jesus provides the continuity of apocalyptic belief between which of the following?
a. John the Baptist and the early church b. Tacitus and the church c. Paul and the church d. There is no continuity of apocalyptic belief |
a. John the Baptist and the early church
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8. Jesus began his ministry _____.
a. by preaching in the temple b. by being baptized by John c. by arguing with the Pharisees d. by joining the Essene community |
b. by being baptized by John
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10. All of the following are indications of Jesus' apocalyptic actions except
a. his crucifixion b. the cleansing of the Temple c. calling twelve disciples d. his preexistence |
d. his preexistence
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11. All of the following are associated with Jesus' apocalyptic thought except
a. the coming kingdom of God b. the coming judgment brought by the Son of Man c. the reversal of fortunes d. righteous people would be taken up alive into heaven |
d. righteous people would be taken up alive into heaven
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12. Historically speaking, it is probable that Jesus came to Jerusalem at the end of his life in order to _____.
a. die for the sins of the world b. bring his message to the center of Judaism c. celebrate Yom Kippur d. be raised from the dead |
b. bring his message to the center of Judaism
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13. Historically speaking, who was responsible for Jesus' death?
a. Sadducees b. Pharisees c. Herod d. Pontius Pilate |
d. Pontius Pilate
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Death by crucifixion was saved for _____.
a. the prestigious members of society b. the lowest members of society c. rulers d. Christians |
b. the lowest members of society
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