Roman Art And Archaeology Final Exam Terms

a swimming pool in a Roman bathing facility

an association of Christian families that pooled funds to purchase property for burial

openings or shelves in the walll of a gallery in a catacomb to receive a corpse

a chamber in an Early Christian catacomb that served as a mortuary chapel

A painting or relief with a semicircular or cresent-shaped frame

praying figures

the ritual circling of a funerary pyre

the agreement to treat Christians benevolently within the Roman Empire; under Constantine

a late Roman collection of biographies, in Latin, of the Roman Emperors; author unknown

a series of personal writings by Marcus Aurelius, setting forth his ideas on Stoic philosophy

one of the earliest forms of christogram; a symobl of the religion of Christianity

subterranean networks of rock-cut galleries and chambers that served as cemeteries for the burial of the dead

rock-cut subterranean passageways in a catacomb

an emperor/overseer of one of four divisions of a country (or even the Roman Empire)

a hard igneous rock containing crystals in a fine-grained, typucally reddish groundmass

a 10th anniversary

the alter ego or guardian spirit of a person

an arch with eight piers

Roman Emperors who seized power by virute of his command of army

a period in which the Roman Empire nearly collapsed under the combined pressures of invasion, civil war, plague and economic depression

a type of style when the lid of a sarcophagus is in the form of a banqueting couch

the goddess of forgiveness and mercy, often depicted holding a branch and a scepter

How Commodus as a Roman Emperor tried to show himself to the Roman people

The name Emperor Commodus gave to the city of Rome after part of it was burned down and rebuilt; the new name Commodus gave Rome

an eastern god associated with the sun

the official sun god of the later Roman Empire and a patron of the Roman soldier

the wide, flat band across the chest in the late Roman togas

A fermented fish sauce used as a condiment in the cuisines of ancient Rome and Greece

warehouse for the storage of grain and other commodities like oil and wine

a one-room business office

an apartement complex or a city block

a funerary monument without a burial chamber

a room, building or area with niches for funeral urns to be stored

a Roman god who was born from a rock and ascended to heaven after killing a bull

A salvation and mystery religion practiced in the Roman Empire and the "go to" religion of the Roman Army

a series of arches supported by columns

arch-shaped beams used to span an opening

the architectural style of many Roman buildings of the second and third centuries, especially in Roman's eastern provinces

a freestanding arch with four sides of equal width and an arcuated (arch-shaped) opening on each side; a four-sided triumphal arch

a pediment frequent in the baroque style having a gap at the apex (as for a statue or a vase)

a facade that contains niches

a monumental fountain

( in Ancient Greece) a public open space used for assemblies and markets

an entrance gateway

in a basilica, it is the second-story set of windows in the nave (central space) below the roof

a cover of overlapping shields or a shed wheeled up to a wall used by the Romans to protect an attacking force

a single-room, usually barrel-vaulted, shop

an address or a speech; a representation of a Roman emperor addressing his troops

the round central opening, or "eye" at the apex of a dome (like a circular window)

imitating the Greek Classical style (the mature period of Greek Art)

the "first citizen" - the title Augustus adopted as Rome's first emperor

the system of rule by a princeps; the reign of an emperor

realistic elements compared to idealizing elements that beautiful an image

commander in chief of the Roman Army

the chief priest of the Rome state of religion

the civic crown of oak leaves awarded to a Roman who saved the life of another Roman in battle

horn of plenty; a symbol of abundance

an offering plate for pouring a libation at a Roman sacrifice

the roll of hair over the forehead in a popular Agustan female coiffure

a Latin epic poem written by Virgil during the reign of Emperor Augustus

"Mother Earth"; goddess of the Earth

son of a divus (a deified mortal; god)

the long period, established by Augustus, that consisted of a relative peace (Pax Romana)

a way a Roman Emperor could announce his successor

members of the imperial bodyguard who would carry fasces as their identifying attribute

the bundle of rods carried by a lictor

silver two-handled drinking cups from Boscoreale

the deity of bravery and military strength, the personification of the Roman virtue of valor, manliness, excellence, character, and courage

the Roman god of chicalry, honor, and military justice; he is depicted with a lance and a cornucopia

"the civilized world"- Rome's manifest destiny to rule over the civilized world; a globe is the personification of this term

a two-colored stone that circulated as a gift between elite; small trophies exchanged and then displayed

a tree trunk adorned with the enemy's captured arms and armor

the imperial police force in the city of Rome

the honorific title used by the ancient Greeks to render the Roman imperial title of Augustus

this cult of ancient Rome identified emperors and some members of their families with the divinely sanctioned authority of the Roman State

intentionally unfinished masonry with rough surfaces, producing a rustice appearance

cut-stone construction

a "large scale mosaic"; technique where materials were cut and inlaid into walls and floors to make a picture or pattern

An Italic people during Roman times; they spoke the same language as the Samnites

An Italic people who fought several wars with the Roman Republic; had control of the city of Pompeii until their city was sacked by Sulla

the elevated platform at the end of the nave of a basilica on which judges and other magistrates presided over offical business

the central space of a basilica, demarcated from the flanking aisles by a row of columns on each side

the entrance vestibule of a basilica

the hot-water room in a Roman bathing facility

the warm-water room in a Roman bathing facility

the changing room in a Roman bathing facility

a floor raised on brick stilts so that hot air from a furnace can flow into and heat the room

an exercise courtyard framed by porticos

a "double theater" with an elliptical cavea around a central arena for the staging of gladiatorial combats, animal fights, and other spectacles

the central sandy area in an amphitheater

a Greek minor rustic fertility god; protector of livestock, fruit plants, gardens and male genitalia (marked by his oversized, permanent erection)

a narrow foyer opening into a Roman domus (an entrance way)

the typical single-family house and was a well-appointed structure with many rooms of clearly defined function; was connected to other houses on the same city blocked

the central reception area of a Roman domus, partly opened to the sky

a bedroom in a Roman domus that usually opened onto the atrium

the office or study at the back of the atrium of a Roman domus

A garden (in a Roman domus, the garden was at the back of the home)

a peripteral colonnade; a colonnaded courtyard framing a garden behind a Roman domus

the pair of rectangular recesses at the back of the atrium of a domus

the dining room of a Roman domus

the opening in the roof of the atrium of a Roman domus

the catch basin in the center of an atrium of a Roman domus for the collection of rain water admitted through the compluvium

a place, as a burial site, building, or group of buildings, dedicated to the god Serapis

a hemospherical dome having a circular plan and a ribbed vault

A further advancement in marble sculpture

eternity

a funerary pyre

having eight columns; a temple with this style would have eight columns on its facade

a gigantic statue

vaults formed by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults

a cloth awning over the cavea of a theater or amphitheater

the public games held for the benefit and entertainment of the Roman people

Roman magistrates responsible for the public buildings and originally also for the public games and the supply of grain to the city

a professional fighter, usually a slave who had been purchased to train as a hand-to-hand combatant for the public entertainment in an amphitheater

Senatus Populusque Romanus

the ascent to Heaven of a new god

the ancient Jewish seven-branched candlestick

a capital combining Ionic volutes and Corinthian acanthus leaves

the senatorial decree damining a person's memory (portraits of the those damned were destroyed or defaced, and their names were erased from public monumnets)

"master and god" --> what Domitian demanded to be addressed while he was emperor of Rome

an audience hall

the ceremonial entry of an emperor into a city

the departure of an emperor from Rome in order to wage war

a ceremony in the cult of certain Mediterranean deities in which worshippers were baptized with the blood of a sacrificed bull

a military cloak

the best princeps; the title conferred on the Emperor Trajan

patterns or pictures made by embedding tesserae of stone or glass in cement on surfaces such as floors and walls

the "Masonry Style" of Roman mural painting; where the aim of the artist was to imitate, using painted stucco relief, the appearance of costly marble panels

the style of Roman mural painting in which the aim was to dissolve the confining walls of a room and replace them with the illusion of a three-dimensional worl constructed in the artist's imagination

In Roman mural painting, the style in which delicate linear feature were sketched on a predominately monochromatic backgrounf

In Roman mural painting, the styke that marks a return to architectural illusionism, but unlike another style, the architectural vistas of this style are irrational fantasies

a perspective where all parallel lines converge on a single vanishing point at the center of the composition, and objects are rendered smaller the farther from the viewer they are intended to seem

creates the illusion of distance by blurring objects that are intended to seem farther away from the viewer

a method of presenting an illusion of the three-dimensional world on a two-dimenisonal surface

A Greek mythological character who violated xenia by killing his father-and-law and then was sentenced to spin on a fiery wheel for eternity after he tried to rape Hera, the wife of Zeus

a painting or picture of an inanimate objects artfully arranged

a shrine to the Roman household gods

the Roman household gods

a mosaic piece

"triumphal arch" that is a monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways, often designed to span a road

the roughly triangular area enclosed by the curve of an arch and the framing columns and architrave (lowest division of the entablature)

a relief or painting with circular frame

Trajan implemented this and it provided state funds to assist poor parents in raising and educating their children

a lover of Greece and Greek culture

the Latin term for a Greek individual

the speaker's platform in the Forum Romanum