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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rotation
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spinning of Earth on its imaginary axis, which takes about 24 hours to complete, and causes day and night to occur
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Revolution
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Earth's yearlong elliptical orbit around the sun
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Axis
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imaginary vertical line that cuts through the center of Earth and around which Earth spins
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Equinox
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twice-yearly time, each spring and fall, when the Sun is directly over the equator and the number of daylight and nighttime hours are equal worldwide
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Solstice
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twice-yearly point at which the Sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator
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Equator
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The imaginary horizontal line around the earth's surface, that divides the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.
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Tropic of Cancer
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an imaginary horizontal line that is the most northerly latitude at which the sun can shine directly overhead
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Tropic of Capricorn
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an imaginary horizontal line that is the most southerly latitude at which the sun can shine directly overhead
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Lunar phase
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a specific phase that the Moon takes in its appearance from Earth during its revolution around Earth
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Waxing crescent
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describes the phase following a new moon, as more of the Moon's lighted side becomes visible
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1st Quarter Moon
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more of the illuminated half of the Moon can be seen each night, you can see 1/2 of the moon after the waxing crescent
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Waxing Gibbous
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more of the illuminated half of the Moon can be seen each night, you can see 3/4 of the moon before the full moon and after the 1st quarter moon
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Full Moon
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phase that occurs when all of the Moon's surface facing Earth reflects light
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Waning Gibbous
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right after a full moon, you see less of its illuminated half of the moon, you can see 3/4 of the moon after the full moon and the Moon looks like it is shrinking
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3rd (or last) Quarter Moon
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after the waning gibbous, you can see only half of the lighted side of the Moon
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Waning Crescent
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after the 3rd quarter Moon, waning crescent occurs just before a new moon and you can only see a small slice of the Moon (1/4 of the lighted side)
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Lunar Cycle
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the phases of the revolution of the Moon that is seen from Earth
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Solar Eclipse
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occurs when the Moon moved directly between the Sun and Earth and casts its shadow over part of Earth
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Lunar Eclipse
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occurs when the Earth's shadow falls on the Moon
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Total Eclipse
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an eclipse in which the entire surface of the Moon or the Sun is not blocked or obscured, results in a solar ecplise or a lunar eclipse
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Partial Eclipse
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an eclipse where the sun blocks only part of the moon or the moon blocks only part of the sun, does not block completely
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Umbra
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the completely dark portion of the shadow cast by the earth, moon, or other body during an eclipse
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Penumbra
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a partial shadow, as in an eclipse, between regions of complete shadow and complete illumination
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Low Tide
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the lowest level of the tide, the time at which the tide is lowest
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High Tide
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the tide at its fullest, when the water reaches its highest level
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Neap Tide
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tide that is least extreme, they happen twice a month and the first and last quarter moon phases
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Spring Tide
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tide that is most extreme, occur twice a month at the full and new moon phases
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Gravity
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force of attraction between any two objects
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