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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the name of a male sheep? |
Ram |
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What is the name of a female sheep? |
Ewe |
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What is the name of a young sheep? |
Lamb |
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What is the name of a castrated male sheep? |
wether |
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Average temperature of a sheep? |
102 |
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average heart rate of a sheep? |
60- 90 bpm |
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average respiratory rate of a sheep? |
12- 20 bpm |
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what are sheep raised for? |
- fiber (wool) - meat - milk (cheeses) |
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How can sheeps wool be collected? |
- as it's shed - sheering |
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what is the #1 sheep for wool production? |
Merino |
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List some wool sheep |
- Merino - rambouilet (marinos bred in france) |
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How much wool does a good producing wool sheep net per year? |
8 lbs of wool |
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What are the breeds of meat sheep? |
- hampshire - suffolk - dorset - polled dorset |
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When are sheep usually bred? |
most are seasonal breeders. they breed in Oct-Dec |
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List the non seasonal breeders of sheep |
-dorset - dorpers - katahdin |
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List some dairy breeds of sheeps |
- Fresian - Romanov |
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What breed of dairy sheep are bred for more births |
- romanov |
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What breed of meat sheep sheds their wool and is naturally resistant to parasites? |
dorpers |
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what does MARC stand for? |
meat animal research center |
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What is the worst parasite for sheep? |
barber pole worm |
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when do sheep reach sexual maturity |
5 months |
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How do we castrate sheep? |
- bridizzio clamps "bloodless" - elastrators (rubber band) - Emasculator- cuts and crimps all in one easy package |
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what infective agent that horses carry are sheep extremely susceptable to? |
tetanus |
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Why do we dock the tail of sheep? |
so feces don't attach to the tail causing maggots (fly strike) |
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How do we dock the tails of sheep? |
- rubberbands or emasculator- at least 3 vertibrae from rump |
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Explain bridizzio clamps |
crimps the testicle cord- the testicle shrinks and atrophies Do one at a time, if you do both you'll cut off the blood supply to the scrotum = tissue death= gangrene |
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Explain elastrators |
placing a rubber band around the testicle cord, after a week it sloughs off |
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Explain the emasculator |
cuts and crimps crimp high, cut low |
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What tools can be used to dock the tail of a sheep? |
rubber bands or an emasculator |
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What is wool blindness |
when the wool grows into the eyes - breeds that have wool around the eyes are costly |
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Are sheep harty creatures? |
Nope. A sick sheep is a dead sheep |
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What is the #1 cause of illness/unhealthyness in sheep and students? |
stress |
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what is crutching out in sheep? |
on wooly sheep, done prior to breeding - trimming off the wool around the stifle and udder area on each side as well as a rear end sanitary shave |
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Explain the foot of a sheep |
- two dewclaws on each foot - most of the weight of the animal is carried by the hoof wall - |
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When are the feet of sheep usually cared for |
usually when the wool is being sheared |
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what is laminitis |
peeling to the laminate of the hoof wall |
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What is a pro in sheep that is a con in cows? |
multiple births, the more the better! |
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What breed of sheep is often used in crossbreeding to promote multiple births? |
Romanov |
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what is the gestation period of a sheep? |
5 months |
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what is nutritional flushing? |
1- 1.5 months before birth introduce high quality food to the ewe |
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Why would you scan a ewe after breeding? |
to check how many lambs they're carrying. - so you can feed accordingly - and so you can pen up the multiple birth ewes (prevents straying and rejection of lambs) |
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How do you get an ewe to accept another ewe's lamb? |
- smear placenta on her - vics on the ewe's nose - restrain the ewe |
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what species are the digestion and teeth of sheep most like? |
cows |
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What diseases to sheep and cows have in common? |
- mastitis - metritis - displaced abomasum - respiratory illness - ketosis - milk fever - diarrhea |
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What are the most common causes for abortion? |
- stress - poor nutrition - illness |
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What would you do if an ewe had a premature birth? |
- get a blood or fluid sample - freeze the fetus if possible - don't panic |
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What is copper deficiency or toxicity |
sheep store copper in their liver, under stress or too much intake they release it. can cause ataxia and death |
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What is pregnancy toxemia? And when is it more likely to happen? |
- happens more often wth multiple births - the ewe's liver and kidneys can't keep up with her waste and the wase of the lambs, toxins in the blood increase - may be genetically predisposed |
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What are your options with pregnancy toxemia? |
- you want the lamb(s) out ASAP - the latter it occurs in pregnancy the better - can prevent with quality food and not overfeeding |
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What is meningeal worm?
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a parasite - can't be diagnosed with a live animal - ends up in spine causing paralysis and eventual death |
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Who was the miningeal worm first found in? |
White tail deer - snails serve as a vector - sheep are an unusual host |
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What is OPP? |
Ovine progresssive pneumonia - causes lameness, paralysis and mastitis - progressive weight loss and difficulty breathing |
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How is OPP transmitted? |
through infected milk or colostrum
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What is the treatment for OPP? |
there is no treatment most end up dying |
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How widespread is OPP |
more than 50% of flocks carry it, most don't show signs because they aren't stressed enough to show it |
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What is scrapies |
causes swelling of the brain - rub and scrape against things - may be connected with mad cow dz
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what is the testing for scrapies? |
- necropsy - genetic susceptibility can be checked via genes |
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How is scrapies transmitted to lambs? |
can't be passed in utero, must be contracted post birth |
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Sacrolumbar stimulation + scrapies = |
licking and lip tremmors |
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How long does an animal have once diagnosed with scrapies |
1 - 6 months |
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What is Joni (Yohni's) disease? |
- para tuberculosis - was formerly misdiagnosed as a genetic condition - sheep and cows get different strains (one intermediate strain)
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What is the treatment of Joni disease? |
- there's a vaccination (not 100% effective) - no treatment - infected ewe: take lamb and raise on milk replacer |
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What type of feeding to sheep do? Goats? |
Sheep: grazer (low) Goats: browser (high) |
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Can sheep and goats breed? |
yes, although they have different numbers of genes. Chamara or Geep- sterile |
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What are goats most often raised for? |
milk: theirs is easier to digest than others (smaller protein) Meat Fiber (cashmire/angora) |
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How difficult are goats to raise? |
fairly easy to care for: eat what most don't (ex: poison ivy) mostly parasite resistant |
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what are the dairy breeds of goats |
- Nubian (big floppy ears + roman nose) very large, good milk producers - golden guernsey- endangered species- milk used for cheese - La Mancha (gopher ear) middle milker - Oberhasli- great milker in a tiny package - saanen- bulky - Toggenburg - Alpine - rugged |
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List the breeds of meat goats |
- Boer (stocky "farm" goat) - Kiko - rugged and parasite resistant - Myotonic (tennissee fainting goat) recessive gene causes muscles to secrete an enzyme - Nigerian Dwarf- rugged but small |
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List the Fiber breeds of goats |
- Angora- most in Texas - Cashmire- meat when not producing + companion animals
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What does chevon mean? |
it's a fancy word for goat meat Sometimes goat will just be sold as lamb (sneaky!) |
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Why is lamb meat gamey? |
because of the lanonin (oil) for wool |
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Which are the bigger dairy producers? sheep or goats |
Dairy goats out produce dairy sheep 2 to 1 |
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What do we call a male goat? |
buck |
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what do we call a female goat? |
doe |
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what do we call a young goat? |
kid F= doeling m= buckling |
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when do goats go into heat? |
seasonal breeders go into heat in late fall |
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gestation period of goats? |
153 days birth around april |
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What are two examples of non seasonal breeders among goats? |
Boer and Keiko |
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What is the biggest parasitic issue with goats? |
Barber pole worm |
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What condition are both goats and sheep super susceptable to? |
anemia |
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how do you test a sheep/goat for anemia |
check under eyelids, pale= anemic |
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How do sheep and goats contract anemia |
through parasitic infection |
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Why do sheep and horses contract parasites more than goats? |
because they graze lower, where parasite eggs are more likely to be |
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Can we eradicate parasites from our herd? |
never, you can however get them under control |
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What is the number one economic loss in sheep and goats? |
barber pole worm |
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what is so awful about the barber pole worm? |
it has become resistant to dewormers |
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What is CAE? |
- Caprine Arthritis and encephalitis - a virus that they can carry for most of their life - Combination of arthritis and a respiratory problem - Gets worse as the animal gets older |
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How is CAE transmitted |
- passed through milk - eradicate the animals and it may still be harbored in the soil - C section goat and rase kids seperate from mom |
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Why is CAE so hard to diagnose |
it's often hard to pinpoint because the symptoms don't occur together |
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What is the treatment for Caprine Arthritis and encephalitis? |
there is no treatment |
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What are the 3 external parasites we covered? |
- ticks (big problem here is lyme) - mites - lice |
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What is the best type of parasite prevention? |
keeping the animal healthy in the first place keeps the immune system up and they're less liekly to succumb to parasites |
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What is a simple treatment for ear mites |
mineral oil in ears - don't use vegetable oil (goes rancid) - have to reapply often (only suffocates adults) |
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What is drenching? |
hosing medication down their throat so you can be sure they ingest it |
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What is the easiest form of dewormer |
pour on done just after sheering |