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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social Groups |
a collection of two or more people who interact frequently with one another, share a sense of belonging and feeling of interdependence |
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Aggregate |
collection of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time but have little in common |
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Category |
number of people who may never have met one another but share a characteristic |
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Formal Organization |
structured group formed to achieve specific goals in the most efficient manner |
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Primary Groups |
small, less specialized group in which members engage in face-to-face, emotion based interactions |
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Significant Others |
those who are in primary relationships with us |
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Secondary Groups |
larger, more specialized group in which members engage in more impersonal, goal-oriented relationships |
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Reference Group |
group that strongly influences a persons behaviour and social attitudes regardless of whether that individual is a member. |
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Network |
web of social relationships that links one person with other people. often connect people with similar interests that might not interact otherwise can be important in finding a job |
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Functionalist (Purpose of Groups) |
to meet peoples instrumental (task-oriented) and expressive needs |
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Conflict (Purpose of Groups) |
involve power relationships whereby individual needs of members are not equally served. |
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Interactionist (Purpose of Groups) |
focus on how the size of a group influences the kind of interaction among members. |
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Postmodernist (Purpose of Groups) |
relationships are increasingly become more superficial |
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Conformity |
process of maintaining or changing behaviour to comply with the norms established people may feel powerful pressure to conform from other group members |
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Group Think |
a process by which members of a cohesive group arrive at a decision that many individual members believe is unwise |
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Formal Organization |
highly structured group formed for the purpose of achieving specific goals in the most efficient way ex) schools, government agencies, corporations |
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Bureaucracy |
organizational model characterized by a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labour, explicit rules and procedures, and impersonality in personal matters. unresponsive to the individual originally seen as way to make organizations more productive/efficient |
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Weber Ideal Type (Bureaucracy) |
Division of labour (specialization) Hierarchy of authority (pyramid) Rules and regulations (establish authority) Qualification based employment Impersonality (do not interfere) |
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Problems with bureaucracy |
inefficiency and rigidity resistance to change perpetuation of gender, race, and class inequalities |
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Informal Structures |
composed of those aspects of participants day-to-day activities and interactions that do not correspond with official rules |
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Ingroup |
group to which a person belongs and feels a sense of identity |
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Outgroup |
group to which a person does not belong and may feel a sense of hostility towards |
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Goal Displacement |
process that occurs in organizations when the rules become an end in themselves rather than a means to an end |
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Bureaucratic Personality |
describes workers who are more concerned with following correct procedures than they are with doing the job correctly |
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Elements of McDonaldization |
Efficiency Calculability Predictability Control Irrationalities of rationality |
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Rationality |
process by which tradition methods of social organization, characterized by informality and spontaneity are gradually replaced by efficiently administered formal rules and procedures Traditional methods replaced by beaucracy |
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Network Enterprise |
separate businesses join together for specific projects that become the focus of the network |
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Fun Fact?? |
Networks are held together by the rapid flow of information |
