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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
culture
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total way of life a society of a society of people
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taboo
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the most serious norm
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values
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general or abstract ideas about what is good or desireable as opposed to what is bad & undesirable in society
i.e. religious lows |
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Subculture
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groups of people within society whose shared values, norms, beliefs or set them apart from other people in the society
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Counter Coulture
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subculture whose values and behaviors set its members apart from other people in the soceity
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sanctions-
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violate norm and observeable consequences of behavior
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william sumer
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cointed ethnocentrism,
divided norms into folkways and mores, i.e.e colonization |
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social institutions
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a set of ideas about the prooper response to an important & societial problem (status, roles, values and norms)
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cultural leveling
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occurs when differnt cultues come to to seem alike as a result of a great deal of cultural diffusion
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what is a symbol
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anything that represents something else to more than one person
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material culture
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artifacts by products of human behavior; physical objects that have no meaning or use apart from what people give them
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non material culture
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norms, beliefs, values ideas etc.
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sanctions (informal and Formal)
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Comment or booing (negative I) smile (negative I) ticekt (negative F) getting and A (positive F)
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statuses
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position a person occupies
ones position within a social structure president of US occupational status |
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Roles
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behavior taught to a status
ie. if a professor, role is to teach |
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master statues
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filter through which other statues are perceived.
ie gender |
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role strain
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many roles attached to status (makes it hard)
police officer required to meet all demands |
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role conflict
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demands of roles clash
juvenille court judge, who is also a parents |
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primary group
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family/friendship groups
learn roles inside population |
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secondary group
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members of a larger group
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formal organization
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what groups of people band together to achieve a goal relationship with each other
ie sociology class |
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status inconsistancy
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multiple statues with one person that clash
older adult in college class, older than professor |
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status symbol
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material things that make a person appear to of a certain status
ie wedding ring |
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acheived status
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acheived worked for
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ascribed status
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inherited
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bureaucracy
"iron Cage" |
fully rationalized organizations calculated to meet organization goals most efficiently
ie government, major corporations |
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ideal types
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analytic construct *exsists only in the abstarct
MAX WEBER |
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social institution
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accepted and persistent constellation of statues, roles, values and norms hat respond to the important societal needs
ie family, prison, school |
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society
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groups of people with similar interests joining together as members
ie marine corps |
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ideal type
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pure form of an an organization
ideal family would have everything you would want |
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habituatlized
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when a specific behavior becomes a pattern
ie not talking in class |
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attributes of social institutions
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unplanned, conservative, interdependent, statues roles, values
ie police and courts depend on each other to function normally devlop gradually |
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aristocracy
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"rule by the best"
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Theocracy
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rule by god or gods representitives
ie vatican city |
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monotheism
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belief in one god
ie christianity |
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polyandry
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marriage between one of and 2 or more husbands
small culture in nepal |
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societal needs
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essentials for surviving in a society
continuing supply of new members socialze new members deal with members sickness select job/tasks create knowledge control members defend against enemies produce good/promote unity |
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serial monogamy
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marrige between 1 husband and 1 wife
norm in america |
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tyrrany
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rule by an absolute or oppressive ruler
hittler |
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animism
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the idea that a life force escits in all living beings and that people ought to live in harmony with the rest of the natural world
ie indians |