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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Positivist Sociology |
Sociology that believes the social world can be described and predicted by certain descriable relationships |
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Causality |
Change in one factor results in a corresponding change in another |
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Versteben(German) |
Understanding |
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Anomie |
Sense of normelessness |
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Structure |
a pre-existing set of social arrangements that individuals enter into birth and which endure (culture, organizations, etc.) |
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Agency |
ways in which individuals create society and social life |
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Double Involvement of Individuals and Society |
We create society but we are created by it |
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Macro phenomenon |
institutions , organizations and culture |
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Micro Phenomenon |
everydat activities , face-to-face interactions |
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Dualisms |
2 aspect of social life that are irrelated |
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Social Institutions |
A set of ideas about how specific important social needs are met |
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Sociology |
the study of human society |
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Sociological imagination |
the most basic, intimate aspects of an individuals seemingly impersonal and remote historical forces |
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Double consiousness |
looking at yourself through someone else's eyes |
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Social positions |
a set of stories we tell ourselves |
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Social relations |
network ties |
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Social Role |
a grand narrative that unifies |
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Historical Materialisms |
what drives history |
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conflict theory |
the idea that conflict between competing interest the basic , animating force of social change and social in general |
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Organicism |
the idea that society is like a living organism |
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manifest functions |
explicit |
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latent functions |
hidden |
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functionalism |
social institutions and processes in society exist to serve some important or necessary function to keep society running |
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operationalization |
the process of assigning a precise method for measuring a term being examined for use in a particular study |
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validity |
measures what you intended it to |
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reliability |
how likely you are to obtain the same result using the same measure next time |
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generalizability |
the extent to which we can claim that our findings inform us about a group larger than the one we studied |
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material culture |
everything apart of physical environment |
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nonmaterial culture |
values, beliefs , behaviors , and social norms |
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ideology |
system of concepts , relationships , and understanding of cause and effect |
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ethnocentrism |
sense of superiority in the context of cultural practices |
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Culture relativism |
taking into account differences across cultures without passing judgement or passing values |
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Cultural Scripts |
Modes of behavior and understandings that are not universal or natural |
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Subculture |
the distinct cultural values and behavioral patterns of a particular group in society |
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Values |
moral beliefs |
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Norms |
how values tell us to behave |
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Socialization |
learn how to be functioning member of society |
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total institutions |
Institutions that control all the basics of day-to-day life |
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Resocializations |
the process by which one's sense of social value belief and norms are reengineered |
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Master status |
One status within a set that stands or overrides all others |
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achieved status |
status into which one enters |
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ascribed status |
status into which one is born |
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status set |
all the statuses one holds simultaneously |
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roles |
the duties and behaviors expected of someone who holds a particular status |
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role strain |
incompatibility among roles corresponding to a single status |
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Dramaturgical theory |
Viewing social life as a theatrical performance |
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ethnomethodology |
the ways in which we make sense of our world, convey this understanding to others and produce shared social order |
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primary groups |
limited in the number of members allowing face-to-face interaction |
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Secondary groups |
groups marked by impersonal instrumental relationship |
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reference group |
a group that helps us understand or make sense of our position in society relative to other groups |
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in groups |
powerful group , most often the majority |
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out groups |
less powerful usually the minority |