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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dominant Ideology
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a set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social, economic, and political interest
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Gatekeeping
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the process by which a relatively small number of people in the media industry control what material eventually reaches the audience
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Mass Media
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print and electronic means of communication that carry messages to widespread audiences
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Narcotizing Dysfunction
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the phenomena in which the media provide such massive amounts of coverage that the audience becomes numb and fails to act on the information, regardless of how compelling the issue is
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Stereotype
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an unreliable generalization about all members of a group that does not recognize individual differences within the group
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Conformity
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going along with peers--individuals of our own status have no special right to direct our own behavior
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Control Theory
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a view of conformity and deviance that suggests that our connection to members of the society leads us to systematically conform to societies norms
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Crime
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a violation of criminal law for which some governmental authority applies formal penalties
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Deviance
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behavior that violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society
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Differential Assosiation
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a theory of deviance that holds that violation of rules results results from exposure to attitudes favorable to criminal acts
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Labeling Theory
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an approach to deviance that tries to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaged in the same behavior are not are not.
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Sanction
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a penalty or reward for conduct concerning a social norm
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Social Control
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the techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society
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Social Reaction Approach
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another name for labeling theory
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Strain Theory
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states that social structures within society may pressure citizens to commit crime.
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Stigma
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a label used to devalue members of certain social groups
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Techniques of Neutralization
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methods by which those who commit illegitimate acts temporarily neutralize certain values within themselves which would normally prohibit them from carrying out such acts, such as morality, obligation to abide by the law, and so on
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Victimless Crime
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a term used to describe the willing exchange among adults of widely desired, but illegal, goods and services
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White Colar crime
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illegal acts committed by affluent "respectable" individuals in the course of business activities
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Howard Becker
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provided the foundations for labeling theory.
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Travis Hirschi
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social-control perspective on juvenile delinquency
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Robert Merton
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strain theory
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Walter Reckless
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Control Theory
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Edwin Sutherland
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differential assiciation
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