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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Vertebral disk herniation usually occurs where
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Between L5 and S1
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The extent of the spinal cord in adults
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Lower border of L1 - L2
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Extent of the subarachnoid space in adults
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Lower border of S2
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Location of lumbar puncture
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L3 - L4 or L4 - L5 interspaces
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T/F: Lumbar puncture is performed at the level of the cauda equina
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True
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The 3 major tracts of the spinal cord
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Dorsal column-medial lemniscal, spinothalamic tract, and lateral corticospinal tract
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The dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway mediates these 4
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Ascending: Pressure, vibration, touch and proprioception
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The spinothalamic tract mediates these 2
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Ascending: Pain and temperature
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The lateral corticospinal tract mediates
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Descending voluntary movement of contralateral limbs
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T/F: There is muscle weakness in UMN and LMN lesions
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True
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T/F: There is muscle atrophy in UMN lesion
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False. Seen in LMN
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T/F: Muscle fasciculations are seen in UMN lesions
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False. Seen in LMN lesions
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The difference in reflexes seen in UMN and LMN lesions
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Reflexes are increased in UMN and reduced in LMN lesions
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The difference in muscle tone seen in UMN and LMN lesions
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Muscle tone is increased in UMN and reduced in LMN lesions
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In which of motor neuron lesions is babinski reflex seen
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UMN lesions
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T/F: Spastic paralysis is seen in LMN lesions
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False. Seen in UMN lesions only
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T/F: Clasp knife spasticity is seen in UMN lesions only
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True
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What are the 1st order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
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Sensory nerve endings
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What are the first order neurons of the spinothalamic tract
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Sensory nerve endings (A-delta and C fibers)
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The first order neuron of the lateral corticospinal tract
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Upper motor neurons
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Location of the 1st order neurons in dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
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Cell body in dorsal root ganglion
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Location of the 1st order neuron of the spinothalamic tract
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Cell body in dorsal root ganglion
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Location of 1st order neuron in Lateral corticospinal tract
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Primary motor cortex
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Course of the 1st order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
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Enters the spinal cord, ascends ipsilaterally in dorsal column and synapses in the medulla (ipsilateral nucleaus cuneatus or gracilis) with the 2nd order neuron
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Course of the 1st order neuron of the spinothalamic tract
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Enters the spinal cord and immediately synapses with the 2nd order neuron in the ipsilateral gray matter
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Course of the 1st order neuron of the lateral corticospinal tract
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Descends ipsilaterally (through internal capsule) until decussating at the caudal medulla (pyramidal decussation) and then descends contralaterally, synapsing with the 2nd order neuron at the anterior horn of spinal cord
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Decussation and course of the 2nd order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
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Decussates in the medulla, ascends contralaterally in the medial lemniscus and synapses with the 3rd order neuron in the VPL of thalamus
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Decussation and course of the 2nd order neuron of the spinothalamic tract
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Decussates at anterior white commisure, ascends contralaterally and synapses with the 3rd order neuron at the VPL of the thalamus
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T/F: The 2nd order neuron of the lateral corticospinal tract does not decussate
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True
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Course of the 2nd order motor neuron of the lateral corticospinal tract
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It is the LMN. From the anterior horn of spinal cord, it terminates at the neuromuscular junction
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Course of the 3rd order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
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Terminates in the sensory cortex
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Course of the 3rd order neuron of the spinothalamic tract
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Terminates in the sensory cortex
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