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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is located at the end of the large intestine and runs from the pelvic diaphragm to anus?
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Anal Canal
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What is the transition from the rectum to the anus?
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Anal Canal
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What contains the ampulla which is where fecal matter gathers before defecation?
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Anal Canal
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**__________ acts as a sling on the anal canal to put a bend in it when we are not defecating. During defecation, the __________ relaxes so that the anal canal straightens out.
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The pelvic diaphragm
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***The __________ anal sphincter is the superior 2/3 of the anal canal. It is composed of involuntary smooth muscle.
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Internal
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***The __________ anal sphincter is the inferior 1/3 of the anal canal. It is composed of voluntary skeletal muscle.
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External
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What sphincter is innervated by the inferior rectal branch of the pudendal nerve?
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External anal sphincter
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What is an important demarcation in the anal canal?
It is the connection between endoderm and ectoderm. |
Pectinate line
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What marks the transition from simple columnar epithelium with microvilli and goblet cells of the large intestine to stratified squamous epithelium that is first non-keratinized, but then changes to keratinized stratified squamous epithelium as it approaches the anus?
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Pectinate line
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What tissue type is above the pectinate line?
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Simple columnar epithelium with microvilli and goblet cells
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What tissue type is below the pectinate line?
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Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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What artery is above the pectinate line and where does it branch from?
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Superior rectal artery branching off the inferior mesenteric artery
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What artery is below the pectinate line and what artery does it branch from?
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Inferior rectal artery branching off the internal pudendal artery
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What vein is above the pectinate line and what vein does it branch from?
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Superior rectal vein branching off the inferior mesenteric vein, which branches off the portal system
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What vein is below the pectinate line and what vein does it branch from?
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Inferior rectal vein branching off the pudendal vein, which comes from the internal iliac vein from the inferior vena cava
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What sphincter is above the pectinate line?
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Internal anal sphincter
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What sphincter is below the pectinate line?
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External anal sphincter
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What muscle type is above the pectinate line and what type of innervation does it receive?
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Smooth muscle receiving autonomic innervation
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What muscle type is below the pectinate line and what type of innervation does it receive and from what nerves?
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Skeletal muscle receiving somatic innervation from inferior anal and rectal nerves
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What nerves do the inferior anal and rectal nerves branch off?
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Pudendal nerve
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