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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stretching |
any therapeutic maneuver designed to increase mobility of soft tissue and subsequently improve ROM by elongating that have adaptively shortened and have become hypomobile over time |
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dynamic flexability |
AROM |
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Passive flexibilty |
PROM |
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manual or mechanical stretching |
utilizes an external force |
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Passive Stretch |
no patient assistance |
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Assisted Stretch |
Patient assistance |
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Self-Stretching |
Patient performs the stretch |
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Elasticity |
ability of soft tissue to return to its pre-strength length after stretch force is removed |
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Viscoelasticity |
time dependent; allows change in length after time |
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Plasticity |
tendency of soft tissue to assume a new and greater length after stretch force is removed |
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Muscle spindle |
quick stretch causes contraction (resist stretch) |
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Golgi Tendon Organ |
Causes relaxation (basis for PNF stretching) |
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Ligaments |
Bone to bone |
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Tendons |
muscle to bone |
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in tendons... |
collagen fibers are PARALLEL and can resist the GREATER tensile load |
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in skin... |
Collagen fibers are RANDOM and WEAKEST in resisting tension |
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Tension |
stretching force |
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Compression |
force perpendicular to tissue |
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Shear |
Force parallel to tissue |
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strain |
change in tissue length when stress is applied |
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Elastic Range |
returns to original shape if stress not applied long time- some microfailure begins |
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Plastic range |
permanent deformation results in longer length do to collagen failure |
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failure |
rupture of the integrity of the tissue |
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Creep |
Low load applied over extended period of time |
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Stress relaxation |
after a load is applied for a length of time the tension in the tissue decreases |
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Effects of immobilization |
weakened tissue, adhesion formation |
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Effects of inactivity |
decrease in size and amount of collagen fibers
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Effects of age |
decrease in strength and adaptability |
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effects of corticosteroids |
Decreases in strength |
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direction |
stretching to increase hip flexion |
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Muscle |
stretching hip extensors |
