Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Normal Na
|
135-150
|
|
Daily Na requirement
|
1-2 mEq/kg./d
|
|
Normal K
|
3.5-5
|
|
Daily K requirement
|
.5-.8 mEq/kg/d
|
|
Daily fluid req for an adult? For kids?
|
Adult ~ 30ml/kg/d
Kid 100/50/20 rule |
|
Sx of hypoNa
|
increased DTRs, seizure, coma
|
|
Sx of hyperNa
|
dehydration sx, restlessness, seizure, coma
|
|
Sx of hypoK
|
weakness, parasthesias, decreased DTRs, impaired renal tubular fn --> polyuria
U waves, flattened T, long PR |
|
3 things that make hypoK worse
|
alkalosis, hypoCa, digoxin
|
|
Sx of hyperK
|
weakness, peaked T waves, complete heart block --> vfib
|
|
Rx of hyperK
|
calcium gluconate for cardioprotection (doesn't change K level), insulin + glucose, bicarb to alkalinize blood, kayexalate (takes a while)
|
|
Sx of hypoCa
|
tingling, numbness, cramps
Trousseau + Chvostek Long QT |
|
How does pH affect Ca?
|
Acidosis increases ionic Ca --> no sx even at low Ca
Alkalosis increases bound Ca --> can have sx of hypoCa even at "normal" Ca levels |
|
Sx of hyperCa
|
weakness, fatigue, N/V, short QT, kidney stones,
|
|
Nl Ca levels
|
8-11
|
|
Sx of hypoMg
|
non-specific --> cramps, tetany, arrhythmias
|
|
What other abns are assc with hypoMg
|
hypoK
hypoCa |
|
Sx of hyperMg
|
hypotn, brady, paralysis
|
|
Sx of hypoP
|
osteomalacia, cardiomyopathy, prox muscle weakness
|
|
HypoP can cause what 2 other electrolyte abns?
|
hypoK
hypoMg |
|
change in pH with 10mmHg PaCO2 change
|
0.08 in opposite direction
|
|
change in pH with 10 change in bicarb
|
0.15 in same direction
|