Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Types of tapeworm worm |
Beef tapeworm – taenia saginata Pork tapeworm – taenia solium Cysticercosis - taenia solium eggs Fish tapeworm – diphyllobothrium Latum Hydatid tapeworm - echinococcus granulosus, echinococcus multilocularis |
|
|
What is taeniasis |
Intestinal infection caused by adult tapeworms – from ingesting contaminated meat that has not been cooked properly |
|
|
What is cysticercosis |
Taenia solium eggs are ingested by humans through food that has been contaminated with faeces of someone with taeniasis - causes major health issues |
|
|
Symptoms of taeniasis |
Intestinal tapeworm – gastric symptoms when fully developed – after eight weeks Neurocysticercosis – asymptomatic to headaches, seizures, hydrocephalus |
|
|
Diagnosis of taeniasis |
Proglottid segments in faeces Saginata dash 15 to 20 branches Solium – 13 or less Eggs – distinguish species Faecal antigen test - Distinguish different species (Saginata/Solium) PCR - differentiate saginata and solium |
|
|
Treatment of taeniasis |
Praziquantel (5 to 10 mg per kilogram, stat) Or Niclosamide stat In active invasive neurocysticercosis – treatment With two week course of Praziquantel and albendazole And steroids and antiepileptics. Destruction of cysts can lead to inflammatory response Inactive neurocysticercosis – does not need treatment |
|
|
Prevention and control of taeniasis |
Identify and treat cases Drug supply/free supply Health education – hygiene and food safety Improve sanitation Improve pig farming Vaccinate pigs – this is commercially available - TSOL18 vaccine Improvement inspection and processing Cook meat the really Reliable epidemiological data |
|
|
Fish tapeworm |
Diphyllobothrium latum Waterflea ingest eggs and then is eaten by a fish Fish consumed raw/undercooked by humans Develops into huge tapeworm – up to 10 m long Eggs and proglottids are released in faeces in water |
|
|
Symptoms of fish tapeworm |
GI symptoms Vitamin B12 deficiency |
|
|
Diagnosis and treatment of fish tapeworm |
Identified by eggs/proglottids install Praziquantel |
|
|
Echinococcus Granulosus |
Dog tapeworm Hydatid disease Dogs eat contaminated carcasses of livestock and Are infected with the worm People ingest eggs by food/water contaminated with dog faeces |
|
|
Clinical features of echinococcus granulosus |
70% of cysts develop in the liver, 20% lung, Rest bone/Brain/spleen Asymptomatic – unless Cysts grow large And cause mass effect Distended abdomen in otherwise well patient Secondary bacterial infections Rupture and hypersensitivity reaction Liver cysts travel into peritoneal cavity |
|
|
Investigation of a echinococcus granulosus |
Imaging – ultrasound/CT/MRI Serological antigen test |
|
|
Treatment of echinococcus granulosus |
Medical – Albendazole and praziquantel for 3 to 24 months Surgical cystectomy Pair (puncture, aspiration, injection, re-aspiration) With albendazole and praziquantel for one month prior to the procedure and two months after the procedure Contra indications – cysts in the biliary tree, cysts opening into the Abdo cavity/bronchi/urinary tract, inactive or calcified lesions, uncooperative patient |
|
|
Prevention and control of dog tapeworm/Echinococcus granulosus |
Regular dog worming Vaccination of sheep Calling older infected sheep Regulation of vaccination status of livestock Slaughterhouse hygiene practices Public education of root of infection |
|
Front (Term) |
Taenia solium scolex |
|
Front (Term) |
Taenia Saginata scolex |
|
Front (Term) |
Taenia Saginata proglottid |
|
Front (Term) |
Taenia solium proglottid |
|
Front (Term) |
Taenia eggs |
|
Front (Term) |
Taenia Saginata worm - up to 4m long |
|
Front (Term) |
Neurocystercercosis |
