Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Anabolism
|
the process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids.
ana- up bol means to cast -ism is a procesa |
Building up
|
|
catabolism
|
complete nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released.
cata- down bol means to cast -ism is a process |
break down
|
|
cell membrane
|
structure surrounding and protecting the cell
|
|
|
chromosomes
|
rod shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes
|
46 in ever cell, 23 in each egg and sperm
|
|
cytoplasm
|
all the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell
|
|
|
DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid)
|
chemical found within each chromosome
|
recipes and codes
|
|
endoplasmic reticulum
|
network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell
|
here large proteins are made of smaller proteins
|
|
genes
|
regions of DNA within each chromosome
|
|
|
karyotype
|
pictures of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell.
|
chromosomes arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure
|
|
metabolism
|
total of the chemical processes o inthe cell.
meta- change bol means to cast -ism is a process |
|
|
mitochondria
|
structures on the cytoplasm that provide the principal source of energy for the cell.
mito- chondr/o means cartilage -ia pertaining to |
"powerhouse"
|
|
nucleus
|
control center of the cell.
nucle/o means nucleus |
contained chromosomes and directs the activities of the cell
|
|
muscle cell
|
long and slender and contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing
|
|
|
epithelial cell
|
square and flat, provides protection
|
|
|
nerve cell
|
long with various fibrous extensions that aid in caring impulses
|
|
|
day cell
|
contains large empty spaces for fat storage
|
|
|
histologist
|
a scientist who specializes the study of tissues
host/o means tissue logist means specialist |
|
|
epithelial tissue
|
forms the linings of internal organs, and the outer surface of the skin covering the body
|
|
|
connective tissue
|
examples: adipose, cartilage, bones and blood
|
|
|
viscera
|
medical term for internal organs
|
|
|
digestive system
|
organs included: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
|
|
|
urinary/excretory system
|
kidneys, ureters,urinary bladder,urethra
|
|
|
respiratory system
|
organs included: pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs
|
|
|
reproductive system
|
organs included: ovaries, fallopian tubes,uterus, basins, Mammary glands
|
|
|
endocrine system
|
organs included: thyroid gland, pituitary gland, sex glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, parathyroid glands
|
|
|
nervous system
|
organs included: brain, spinal cord, nerves, and collections of nerves
|
|
|
circulatory system
|
organs included: heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nodes, spleen, thymus gland
|
|
|
muskuloskeletal
|
organs included: muscles,bones,and joints
|
|
|
skin and sense organs
|
organs included: skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous (oil glands), eye, ear, nose and tongue
|
|
|
diaphragm
|
muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities. moves up and down and aids in breathing.
dia- through or throughout |
|
|
dorsal (posterior)
|
pertaining to the back
|
|
|
mediastinum
|
centrally located space outside of and between the lungs
|
|
|
pelvic cavity
|
space below the abdomen containing prions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs.
pelvic means pertaining to the pelvis, including the hip bones |
|
|
peritoneum
|
double folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity
|
|
|
pleura
|
double folded membrane surrounding each lung
pleural means pertaining to the pleura |
|
|
pleural cavity
|
space between the pleura layers
|
|
|
spinal cavity
|
space within the spinal column (back bones) containing the spinal cord
|
also called the spinal canal
|
|
thoracic cavity
|
space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs
|
|
|
central (anterior)
|
pertaining to the front
|
|
|
hypochondriac
|
right/left upper regions beneath the ribs.
|
abdominopelvic region
|
|
epigastric
|
middle upper region above the stomach
|
amdominopelvic region
|
|
lumbar
|
right/left middle regions near the waste
|
abdominopelvic regions
|
|
umbilical
|
central near the navel
|
abdomjnopelvic region
|
|
inguinal
|
right/left lower regions near the groin. also called iliac regions
|
abdominopelvic region
|
|
hypogastric
|
middle lower region below the umbilical region
|
abdominopelvic region
|
|
RUQ
|
right upper quadrant
|
a domino pelvic quadrants
|
|
LUQ
|
Left upper quadrant
|
abdominopelvic quadrants
|
|
RLQ
|
right lower quadrant
|
abdominipelvic quadrants
|
|
LLQ
|
left lower quadrant
|
abdominoelvic quadrant
|
|
cervical
|
neck region ( c1-c7)
|
divisions of the back
|
|
thoracic
|
chest region (T1-T12)
|
divisions of the back
|
|
lumbar
|
loin waste region (L1-L5)
|
divisions of the back
|
|
sacral
|
region of the sacrum (S1-S5)
|
divisions of the back
|
|
coccygeal
|
region of the coccyx (tailbone)
|
divisions of the back
|
|
vertebra
|
single back bone
|
|
|
vertebrae
|
backbones
|
|
|
spinal cord
|
nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
|
|
|
disk (disc)
|
Piaf of cartilage between vertebrae
|
|
|
anterior (ventral)
|
front surface of the body
|
|
|
deep
|
away from the surface
|
|
|
distal
|
far from the point of attachment to the truck or far from the beginning of a structure.
|
|
|
inferior (caudal)
|
below another structure; pertaining to the tail or lower portion of the body
|
|
|
lateral
|
pertaining to the side
|
|
|
medial
|
pertaining to the middle or near the medical plane of the body
|
|
|
posterior (dorsal)
|
back surface of the body
|
|
|
prone
|
lying on the belly (face down, palms down,)
|
|
|
proximal
|
near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure.
|
|
|
sagittal (lateral) plane
|
lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body or structure into the right and left sides.
midsagittal- dividers the bossy into right and left halves |
|
|
superficial
|
on the surface
|
|
|
superior (cephalic)
|
above another structure; pertaining to the head
|
|
|
transverse (axial) plane
|
horizontal (cross-sectional) plane dividing the bossy into upper and lower portions
|
|
|
supine
|
lying on the back (face up, palms up)
|
|
|
abdomin/o
|
abdomen
|
|
|
adip/o
|
fat
|
|
|
anter/o
|
front
|
|
|
bol/o
|
to cast (throw)
|
|
|
cervic/o
|
neck of the body or of the uterus
|
|
|
chondr/o
|
cartilage
|
|
|
chrom/o
|
color
|
|
|
coccyg/o
|
coccyx (tailbone)
|
|
|
crani/o
|
skull
|
|
|
cyt/o
|
cell
|
|
|
dist/o
|
far, distant
|
|
|
dors/o
|
back portion of the body
|
|
|
hist/o
|
tissue
|
|
|
ili/o
|
ilium (part of the pelvic bone)
|
|
|
inguin/o
|
groin
|
|
|
kary/o
|
nucleus
|
|
|
later/o
|
side
|
|
|
lumb/o
|
lower back (side and back between the ribs and the pelvis)
|
|
|
medi/o
|
middle
|
|
|
nucle/o
|
nucleus
|
|
|
pelv/i
|
pelvis, hip region
|
|
|
poster/o
|
back, behind
|
|
|
proxim/o
|
nearest
|
|
|
sacr/o
|
flesh
|
|
|
spin/o
|
spine backbone
|
|
|
the/o, theli/o
|
nipple
|
|
|
thorac/o
|
chest
|
|
|
trache/o
|
trachea,windpipe
|
|
|
umbilic/o
|
navel,umbilicus
|
|
|
ventr/o
|
belly side of the body
|
|
|
vertebr/o
|
vertebra,backbone
|
|