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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Allopatric speciation |
Occurs when two populations become geographically isolated (and therefor reproductively isolated.) Isolation can lead to speciation |
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Allopatric species |
Two closely related species geographically isolated from each other |
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Allopolyploidy |
The process where two different species produce an infertile hybrid. |
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Autopolyploidy |
Homologous chromosomes do not seperate during meiosis, leading to diploid numbers of chromosomes present in the gametes |
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Behavioural isolation |
Different courtship rituals (dances, vocalisations, etc) may lead to failure to recognise a mate for reproductive purposes |
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Cline |
A pattern of gradual variation between individuals over a geographical area, usually due to differing selection pressures of the environments |
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Deme |
A subset of a population where there is limited gene flow with members of a larger population |
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Geographic isolation |
Species are located in separate ares and there is no geographic overlap |
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Hybridisation |
The Process of creating offspring from two different species |
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Postzygotic isolating mechanism |
Isolating mechanism that occurs after the zygote has formed |
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Prezygotic isolating mechanism |
Isolating mechanism that prevents successful reproduction taking place |
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Speciation |
The formation of a new species from an existing species |
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Species |
A group of organisms that interbreed under natural conditions and are reproductively isolated from other species |
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Subspecies |
A taxonomic rank below species. Subspecies cannot be seperated from the species group as successful interbreeding cannot take place |
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Sympatric speciation |
The origin of a new species without geographical isolation from the ancestral species |
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Sympatric species |
Species that have previously diverged from a common ancestor, now existing in the same are but continuing to remain reproductively isolated |
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Temporal isolation |
Temporal isolation occurs due to timing differences between two species in the same geographical area |