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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Geography of Rome
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o Italy
o Alps and Apennine Mountaubs o Po River o Tiber River o Mediterranean Sea o Adriatic Sea |
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City of Rome
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o Centrally located
o Built on seven hills o Located in the Tiber o Founded in 753 BCE o Two twin brothers, Romulus and Remus, raised by a wolf, founded a city, Romulus kills Remus, becomes king of Rome • Creates a noble and notable past for the city of Rome |
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Etruscans
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o Greeks move north from southern Italy
o Greeks had permanent settlements in Italy o Etruscans move into region, mostly in northern Italy o Around 650 BCE, Etruscans began to move further south, eventually move south of Rome and control Latium, which is good for growing crops o Come into contact with the Greeks; adopt Greek written language, styles of pottery, architecture, etc. o In 400 BCE, the Etruscans are defeated by the Greeks, forced to move back into northern Italy, limited to city of Etruria o When the Etruscans are conquered by the Romans, the Romans adopt some of the Etruscans things, which are originally form the Greeks |
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Early Rome (The City)
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o Controlled by a series of seven kings
• The last three are probably Etruscan o For about 100 years, the Etruscans ruled over the city of Rome o Etruscans live within cities and build walled cities |
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What aspects of Greek culture did the Etruscans adopt?
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• Alphabet
• Military strategies • Art and architecture |
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How did the Etruscans build the foundations of Rome?
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• Established the public arena that would become the forum
• Built the first roads • Built temples, market, shops, streets, and houses |
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How did the Etruscans influence the Roman Empire?
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o Toga and cloak
o Insignia of Etruscan king is the insignia of the Roman magistrates o Fasces (a bundle of rods containing an ax with a projecting blade, carried in front of magistrates in ancient Rome) used as a symbol of power; symbol adopted from Etruscans |
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The Rise of Rome
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o City is founded in 753 BCE
o Etruscans depart around 400 BCE o Rome is surrounded by enemies o By 340 BCE Rome has crushed the Latin States o By 200 BCE Rome had conquered most of Italy |
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The Roman State
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o Laws were developed as a problem arose
o Not concerned with creating the “ideal” state o Distrusted kingships o Established a different kind of government |
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Consuls
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• Served as chief executive officers of the Republic
• Two consuls • Elected every year • Could only serve one out of every 10 years • Ran the government • Led the army into battle |
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Praetors
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• Elected every year
• In charge of civil law as it applied to citizens • As territory expanded additional praetors were added to deal with conflicts related to non-citizens |
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Quaestors
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• Elected for one year
• In charge of finances • Administered the treasury |
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Aediles
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• Elected for one year
• In charge of maintenance and repair of public buildings |
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Tribunes of the Plebs
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• Ten elected from the plebeians for one year
• Summoned and presided over meetings of the council • Council of the plebes • Legislative body • Established in 471 BCE • Resolutions were binding for all citizens (287 BCE) |
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Censors
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• Two elected every 18 months
• Responsible for taking a census of property and citizens |