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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The act or process of burning; chemical combination producing heat and light
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combustion
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Capacity for doing work, such as lifting or moving an object
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energy
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The splitting of atomic nuclei. Releases tremendous amount of energy
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fission
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Combining of two atomic nuclei to produce a nucleus of greater mass
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fusion
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Group of protons and neutrons forming the center of an atom around which electrons orbit
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nucleus
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Process by which plant cells make carbohydrates in the presence of chlorophyll and light
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photosynthesis
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Coming from the sun; given off by atomic reactions taking place inside the sun
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solar energy
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The major factor controlling weather is _____.
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temperature
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Uneven heating of the Earth's surface is due primarily to the position of the what?
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sun
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Select the forms or examples of solar energy:
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heat energy
solar oven hydroelectric petroleum light energy |
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The process by which plants convert sunlight to sugar is called what?
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photosynthesis
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Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen to the atmosphere.
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true
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Coal and petroleum are useful because they have energy stored in them.
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true
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A great amount of scientific evidence is available to indicate that coal:
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represents uprooted vegetation buried by flood waters
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It is more logical to believe that the complex life sustaining processes of the sun-Earth system were created because they rely on one another.
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true
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The sun's energy comes from the burning (combustion) of hydrogen like a huge fire.
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false
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The energy conversion process of nuclear ______ appears to best explain the source of solar energy.
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fusion
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what statements are related to nuclear fusion?
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nuclei combinations
mass converted to energy E = mc² |
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The sun's energy is released when mass is converted into energy.
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true
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Observing the sun's light through a spectroscope has indicated that the sun contains large amounts of what?
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hydrogen
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The planet closest to the sun is what?
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Mercury
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The giant 1,000 ft. diameter radio telescope was used to determine Mercury's period of ______.
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rotation
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Daytime temperatures on Mercury are extremely hot because:
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it is close to the sun
it has long days it gives off internal heat |
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Mercury has two satellites.
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false, it has none
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The force of gravity on Mercury is less than the Earth because:
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its mass is less
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Venus is located between the planets _______ and ______
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Mercury and Earth
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Like the Earth's moon, Venus has phases.
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true
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The rotation period for Venus is 243 days
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true
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The revolution period for Venus is 225 days
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true
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The mass of Venus is 0.82 times that of the Earth.
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true
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The atmosphere of Venus consists mostly of _____.
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carbon dioxide
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Heat buildup due to a "blanket" of dense clouds is referred to as the greenhouse effect
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true
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A day on Venus is longer than a year on Earth.
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false
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The direction of rotation of Venus is _____ to the direction of rotation of all other planets.
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backwards
retrograde opposite |
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Why is Venus called our "sister" planet?
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size, mass, and gravity similar to the Earth
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Earth rotates once in 23 hours, 56 minutes.
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true
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The mass and gravity of the Earth are used as a _____ of comparison with other planets.
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standard
measure |
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The two major components of the Earth's atmosphere are _____ and _____.
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nitrogen
oxygen |
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The major factor which causes seasonal weather changes on the Earth is:
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tilt of the axis
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The size and mass of Mars is similar to the Earth.
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false
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A day on Mars has nearly the same duration as the Earth.
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true
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Like Venus, the atmosphere of Mars consists mostly of carbon dioxide
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true
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It is not likely that any living organism could survive on the Martian surface because of:
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little protection from ultraviolet radiation
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How many satellites does Mars have?
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2
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these celestial bodies shine by reflected light
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planets
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
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terrestrial
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Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
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Jovian planets
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The force of gravity on Mercury is less than the Earth because:
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its mass is less
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The direction of rotation of Venus is opposite to the direction of all other planets.
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true
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The mass and gravity of the Earth are used as a _____ of comparison with other planets.
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measure
standard |
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The two major components of the Earth's atmosphere are _____ and _____.
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oxygen
nitrogen |
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It is not likely that any living organism could survive on the Martian surface because of _____.
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ultraviolet radiation
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Galileo discovered 4 of Jupiter's sixteen satellites.
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true
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The rings of Saturn consist of particles of ice
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true
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The satellites of Uranus revolve around the planet in planes almost perpendicular to its orbit
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true
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The predicted location of Neptune was made possible because _____.
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of a detailed study of Uranus
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What is unique about Pluto's orbit around the sun?
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inclined more than other planets
most elliptical orbit |
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The numerous asteroids may have been _____.
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a planet
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Most comets travel around the sun in elongated elliptical orbits.
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true
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Comets have long, indefinite life spans.
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false
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