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104 Cards in this Set

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What is Abstraction?
The technique of providing summarized or generalized descriptions of detailed and complex content.
What is Activity?
A task or collection of tasks that support the functions of an organization. For example, a user enter ing data into an IT system or traveling to visit customers.
What is Actor?
A person, organization, or system that has a role that initiates or interacts with activities
What is Application?
A deployed and operational IT system that supports business functions and services
What is Application Architecture?
A description of the major logical grouping of capabilities that manage the data objects necessary to process the data and support the business.
What is Application Platform?
The collection of technology components of hardware and software that provide the services used to support applications.
What is Application Platform Interface (API)?
The interface, or set of functions, between application software and/or the application platform.
What is Architectural Style?
The combination of distinctive features in which architecture is performed or expressed.
What is Architecture?
1. A formal description of a system, or a detailed plan of the system at component level, to
guide its implementation (source: ISO/IEC 42010: 2007).
2. The str ucture of components, their inter-relationships, and the principles and guidelines governing their design and evolution over time.
What is Architecture Building Block (ABB)?
A constituent of the architecture model that describes a single aspect of the overall model.
What is Architecture Continuum?
A repository of architectural elements with increasing detail and specialization. This Continuum begins with foundational definitions like reference models, core strategies, and basic building blocks. From there it spans to Industry Architectures and all the way to an organization’s specific architecture.
What is Architecture Development Method (ADM)?
A step-by-step approach to develop and use an enterprise architecture.
What is Architecture Domain?
The architectural area being considered. There are four architecture domains within TOGAF: business, data, application, and technology.
What is Architecture Framework?
A foundational structure, or set of structures, which can be used for developing a broad range of different architectures.
What should and Architecture Framework include?
1. It should contain a method for designing an information system in terms of a set of building blocks, and for showing how the building blocks fit together.
2. It should contain a set of tools and provide a common vocabulary.
3. It should also include a list of recommended standards and compliant products that can be used to implement the building blocks.
1. methods for design - fit together
2. tools and vocabulary
3. Standards and compliant products
What is Architecture Governance?
The practice and orientation by which enterprise architectures and other architectures are managed and controlled at an enterprise-wide level.
What is Governance concerned with?
It is concerned with change processes (design governance) and operation of product systems (operational governance).
1. design governance
2. operational governance
What is Architecture Landscape?
The architectural representation of assets deployed within the operating enterprise at aparticular point in time.
How are the views of an Architecture Landscape segmented?
The views are segmented into strategic, segment, and capability levels of abstraction to meet diverse stakeholder needs.
What is Architecture Principles?
A qualitative statement of intent that should be met by the architecture. Has at least a supporting rationale and a measure of importance.
What is Architecture Vision?
1. A high-level, aspirational view of the Target Architecture.
2. A phase in the ADM which delivers understanding and definition of the Architecture Vision.
3. A specific deliverable describing the Architecture Vision.
What is Artifact?
An architectural work product that describes an architecture from a specific viewpoint.
What are examples of Architecture Artifacts?
network diagram, a server specification, a use-case specification, a list of architectural requirements, and a business interaction matrix.
Artifacts are generally classified as:
1. catalogs (lists of things)
2. matrices (showing relationships between things)
3. diagrams (pictures of things).
What is Baseline?
A specification that has been formally reviewed and agreed upon, that thereafter serves as the basis for further development or change and that can be changed only through formal change control procedures or a type of procedure such as configuration management.
What is Baseline Architecture?
The existing defined system architecture before entering a cycle of architecture review and redesign.
What is Boundaryless Information Flow?
1. A trademar k of The Open Group.
2. A shorthand representation of ‘‘access to integrated infor mation to support business process improvements’’ representing a desired state of an enterprise’s infrastructure specific to the business needs of the organization
An infrastructure that provides Boundaryless Information Flow has?
An open standard components that provide services in a customer’s extended enterprise.
Boundaryless Information Flow provide services in a customer’s extended enterprise that:
1. Combine multiple sources of information

2. Securely deliver the information whenever and wherever it is needed, in the right context for the people or systems using that information.
What is a Building Block?
Represents a (potentially re-usable) component of business, IT, or architectural capability that can be combined with other building blocks to deliver architectures and solutions.
What is a Business Architecture?
The business strategy, governance, organization, and key business processes information, as well as the interaction between these concepts.
What is a Business Domain?
A grouping of coherent business functions and activities (in the context of a business sector) over which meaningful responsibility can be taken.
What is an exmple of a Buisness Domain?
For example, Finance, Human Resources (HR), Automobile Manufactur ing, Retail, etc. The phrase is often used to identify specific business knowledge (a business domain expert).
What is a Business Function?
Delivers business capabilities closely aligned to an organization, but not necessarily explicitly governed by the organization.
What is a Business Governance?
Concerned with ensuring that the business processes and policies (and their operation) deliver the business outcomes and adhere to relevant business regulation.
What is a Business Service?
Supports business capabilities through an explicitly defined interface and is explicitly governed by an organization.
What is a Capability?
An ability that an organization, person, or system possesses.
How are Capabilities are typically expressed?
in general and high-level terms and typically require a combination of organization, people, processes, and technology to achieve.
What is an exmple of capabilities?
marketing, customer contact, or outbound telemarketing.
What is a Capability Architecture?
A highly detailed description of the architectural approach to realize a particular solution or solution aspect.
What is a Capability Increment?
The output from a business change initiative that delivers an increase in performance for a particular capability of the enterprise.
What is a Communications and Stakeholder Management?
The management of needs of stakeholders of the enterprise architecture practice. It also manages the execution of communication between the practice and the stakeholders and the practice and the consumers of its services.
The key stakeholders' interests that are?
crucially important to the stakeholders in a system, and determine the acceptability of the system.
Keyholder Concerns may pertain to?
any aspect of the system’s functioning, development, or operation, including considerations such as performance, reliability, security, distribution, and evolvability.
What is a Constraint?
An external factor that prevents an organization from pursuing particular approaches to meet its goals.
What is an exmaple of a constaint?
customer data is not harmonized within the organization, regionally or nationally, constraining the organization’s ability to offer effective customer service.
What is a Data Architecture?
The structure of an organization’s logical and physical data assets and data management resources.
What is a Enterprise?
The highest level (typically) of description of an organization and typically covers all missions and functions. An enterprise will often span multiple organizations.
What is a Enterprise Continuum?
A categorization mechanism useful forclassifying architecture and solution artifacts, both internal and external to the Architecture Repository, as they evolve from generic Foundation Architectures to Organization-Specific Architectures.
What is a Environment Management?
The provision and management of the environment required to support the operations of the enterprise architecture practice, including facilities, equipment, tools, and information systems.
What is a Financial Management?
The management of the financial aspects of the enterprise architecture practice; e.g., budgeting and forecasting.
What is a Foundation Architecture?
An architecture of generic services and functions that provides a foundation on which more specific architectures and architectural components can be built.
What is a Framework?
A structure forcontent orprocess that can be used as a tool to structure thinking, ensuring consistency and completeness.
What is a Gap?
A statement of difference between two states. Used in the context of gap analysis, where the difference between the Baseline and Target Architecture is identified.
What is a Governance?
The discipline of monitoring, managing, and steering a business (orIS/IT landscape) to deliver the business outcome required.
What is a Information?
Any communication orrepresentation of facts, data, oropinions, in any medium orform, including textual, numerical, graphic, cartographic, narrative, oraudio-visual forms.
What is a Information Technology (IT)?
1. The lifecycle management of information and related technology used by an organization.
2. An umbrella term that includes all orsome of the subject areas relating to the computer industry, such as Business Continuity, Business IT Interface, Business Process Modeling and Management, Communication, Compliance and Legislation, Computers, Content Management, Hardware, Information Management, Internet, Offshoring, Networking, Programming and Software, Professional Issues, Project Management, Security, Standards, Storage, Voice and Data Communications. Various countries and industries employ otherumbrella terms to describe this same collection.


3. A term commonly assigned to a department within an organization tasked with
provisioning some orall of the domains described in (2) above.

4. Alternate names commonly adopted include Information Services, Information
Management.
What is a Interoperability?
1. The ability to share information and services.
2. The ability of two ormore systems orcomponents to exchange and use information.
3. The ability of systems to provide and receive services from othersystems and to use the services so interchanged to enable them to operate effectively together.
What is a Knowledge?
The awareness and understanding of facts, truths, orinformation gained in the form of experience or learning (a posteriori), or through introspection (a priori). Knowledge is an appreciation of the possession of interconnected details which, in isolation, are of lesser value.
What is a Logical?
An implementation-independent definition of the architecture, often grouping related physical entities according to their purpose and structure.
What is a Metadata?
Data about data, of any sort in any media, that describes the characteristics of an entity.
What is a Metamodel?
A model that describes how and with what the architecture will be described in a structured way.
What is a Method?
A defined, repeatable approach to address a particulartype of problem.
What is a Methodology?
A defined, repeatable series of steps to address a particulartype of problem, which typically centers on a defined process, but may also include definition of content.
What is a Model?
A representation of a subject of interest. A model provides a smallerscale, simplified, and/or abstract representation of the subject matter. A model is constructed as a ‘‘means to an end’’.
What is a Model in context of enterprise architecture?
In the context of enterprise architecture, the subject matteris a whole or part of the enterprise and the end is the ability to construct ‘‘views’’ that address the concerns of particular stakeholders
What is a Modeling?
A technique through construction of models which enables a subject to be represented in a form that enables reasoning, insight, and clarity concerning the essence of the subject matter.
What is a Objective?
A time-bounded milestone foran organization used to demonstrate progress towards a goal.
What is an example of an Objective?
‘‘Increase Capacity Utilization by 30% by the end of 2009 to support the planned increase in market share’’.
What is a Organization?
A self-contained unit of resources with line management responsibility, goals, objectives, and measures. Organizations may include external parties and business partnerorganizations.
What is a Patterns?
A technique forputting building blocks into context; forexample, to describe a re-usable solution to a problem. Building blocks are what you use: patterns can tell you how you use them, when, why, and what trade-offs you have to make in doing so.
What is a Performance Management?
The monitoring, control, and reporting of the enterprise architecture practice performance. Also concerned with continuous improvement.
What is a Physical?
A description of a real-world entity. Physical elements in an enterprise architecture may still be considerably abstracted from Solution Architecture, design, orimplementation views.
What is a Platform?
A combination of technology infrastructure products and components that provides that prerequisites to host application software
What is a Platform Services?
A technical capability required to provide enabling infrastructure that supports the delivery of applications.
What is a Quality Management?
The management of the quality aspects of the enterprise architecture practice.
What are some exmples of Quality Management?
management plans, quality criteria, review processes.
What is a Reference Model (RM)?
A reference model is an abstract framework for understanding significant relationships among the entities of [an] environment, and for the development of consistent standards or specifications supporting that environment.
What is a Repository?
A system that manages all of the data of an enterprise, including data and process models and otherenterprise information. Hence, the data in a repository is much more extensive than that in a data dictionary, which generally defines only the data making up a database
What is a Requirement?
A quantitative statement of business need that must be met by a particular architecture or work package.
What is a Resource Management?
The acquisition, development, and management of human resources within the enterprise architecture practice in response to demand forenterprise architecture services and financial constraints.
What is a Role?
1. The usual or expected function of an actor, or the part somebody or something plays in a particular action or event. An Actor may have a numberof roles.
2. The part an individual plays in an organization and the contribution they make through the application of their skills, knowledge, experience, and abilities.
What is a Segment Architecture?
A detailed, formal description of areas within an enterprise, used at the program orportfolio level to organize and align change activity.
What is a Service Management?
The management of the execution and performance of the enterprise architecture practice services. This includes managing the ‘‘pipeline’’ plus current service portfolio.
What is a Service Orientation?
A way of thinking in terms of services and service-based development and the outcomes of services.
What is a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)?
An architectural style that supports service orientation.
What are the features of Service Oriented Architecture?
1. It is based on the design of the services — which mirror real-world business activities — comprising the enterprise (orinter-enterprise) business processes.

2. Service representation utilizes business descriptions to provide context (i.e., business process, goal, rule, policy, service interface, and service component) and implements services using service orchestration.

3. It places unique requirements on the infrastructure — it is recommended that implementations use open standards to realize interoperability and location transparency.

4. Implementations are environment-specific — they are constrained orenabled by context and must be described within that context.

5. It requires strong governance of service representation and implementation.

6. It requires a ‘‘Litmus Test’’, which determines a ‘‘good service’’.
What is a Skill?
The ability to perform a job-related activity, which contributes to the effective performance of a task.
What is a Solution Architecture?
A description of a discrete and focused business operation oractivity and how IS/IT supports that operation. A Solution Architecture typically applies to a single project orproject release, assisting in the translation of requirements into a solution vision, high-level business and/orIT system specifications, and a portfolio of implementation tasks.
What is a Solution Building Block (SBB)?
A candidate physical solution foran Architecture Building Block (ABB)
What are examples of SBB?
a Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) package, that is a component of the Acquirerview of the architecture.
What is a Solutions Continuum?
A part of the Enterprise Continuum. A repository of re-usable solutions forfuture implementation efforts. It contains implementations of the corresponding definitions in the Architecture Continuum.
What is a Stakeholder?
An individual, team, ororganization (or classes thereof) with interests in, orconcerns relative to, the outcome of the architecture. Different stakeholders with different roles will have different concerns.
What is a Standards Information Base (SIB)?
A database of standards that can be used to define the particularservices and other components of an Organization-Specific Architecture.
What is a Strategic Architecture?
A summary formal description of the enterprise, providing an organizing framework for operational and change activity, and an executive-level, long-term view fordirection setting.
What is a Target Architecture?
The description of a future state of the architecture being developed foran organization. There may be several future states developed as a roadmap to show the evolution of the architecture to a target state.
What is a Taxonomy of Architecture Views?
The organized collection of all views pertinent to an architecture.
What is a Technical Reference Model (TRM)?
A structure which allows components of an information system to be described in a consistent manner(i.e., the way in which you describe the components).
What is a Technology Architecture?
The logical software and hardware capabilities that are required to support deployment of business, data, and application services. This includes IT infrastructure, middleware, networks, communications, processing, and standards.
What is a Transition Architecture?
A formal description of the enterprise architecture showing periods of transition and development for particular parts of the enterprise.
What are Transition Architectures used for?
Transition Architectures are used to provide an overview of current and target capability and allow forindividual work packages and projects to be grouped into managed portfolios and programs.
What is a View?
The representation of a related set of concerns. A view is what is seen from a viewpoint. An architecture view may be represented by a model to demonstrate to stakeholders their areas of interest in the architecture. A view does not have to be visual or graphical in nature.
What is a Viewpoint?
A definition of the perspective from which a view is taken. It is a specification of the conventions forconstructing and using a view (often by means of an appropriate schema or template).
What is a Work Package?
A set of actions identified to achieve one or more objectives for