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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
There are two different sets of teeth during our lifetime, what are they? |
1. Primary Dentition (Deciduous or baby teeth) 2. Permanent Dentition |
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When does the deciduous teeth begin to form? |
Before Birth |
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When does the deciduous teeth begin to erupt into the mouth? |
6 months or so of age |
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The process of eruption is usually complete at about what age? |
2 and a half years of age |
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At what age does the deciduous dentition start to exfoliate and gradually replaced by permanent dentition? |
3 to 4 years old |
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What is the other name for top jaw? |
Maxilla |
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What is the other name for lower jaw? |
Mandible |
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Whatcan happen when one or more teeth are removed? |
Thearch form may collapse, with significant consequences for the patient's abilityto bite and chew |
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Howmany teeth are there in a deciduous arch? |
20 teeth |
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What are the other names of Cuspid? |
Canine or eye tooth |
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Howmany teeth are there in a permanent arch? |
32 teeth |
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Does primary dentition have the same function as the permanent dentition? |
Yes. It helps with Chewing,speech, aesthetics of facial contours. Inaddition: - actas natural space maintainers and guide - assistsin normal growth and development of jaws and face |
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Whatare the first teeth to erupt in a baby’s mouth? |
Mandibular Central Incisors (5mos-7mos) |
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Do all children get their first teeth at the same age? |
Eruption times can vary from child to child |
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when is the Initial calcification of primary teethoccurs? |
between 3-6 months in utero |
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First and Second Incisors completion of roots = 1.5 to 2 years First Molar completion of roots = 2 to 2.5 years Canine completion of roots = 2.5 to 3 years Second Molar completion of roots = 3 years |
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Describe the crown of the primary teeth |
1. Shorter 2. Appearconstricted in the cervical portion 3. Thinnerenamel and dentin layers 4. Broadand flat contacts 5. Coloris usually lighter 6. Prominentmesio-buccalcervical bulge seen in primary molars 7. Incisorshave no easily discernable developmental grooves or mammelons |
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Describe Primary Maxillary Central Incisor |
1. Mesiodistalwidth of crown almost = height 2. Prominentcingulum 3. Incisaledge straight |
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Describe Primary Maxillary Lateral Incisor |
1. Similarform to central incisor 2. Smallerand Disto-Incisal angle rounded |
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Describe Primary Maxillary Canine |
1. Crownconstricted at cervical region 2. Welldeveloped, sharp cusp 3. Rootis long, more than 2X crown |
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Describe Primary Mandibular Canine |
1. Similarform to maxillary 2. Crownshorter and narrower labiolingually |
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Describe Primary Maxillary First Molar |
1. Uniqueappearance 2. Threecusps-MB, DB and Lingual 3. ProminentMB cervical bulge **Resemble a permanent premolar **Groove pattern is "H" shape |
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Describe Mandibular First Molar |
1. Alsounique in appearance 2. Fourcusps-MB, DB, ML and DL 3. ProminentMB cervical bulge 4. Transverseridge **Resembles no other tooth in either primary and permanent set **Mesial root wider+longer than Distal (opposite to permanent mandibular molar in length) |
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Describe Maxillary 2nd Molar |
1. Resemblespermanent maxillary first molar but smaller |
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Describe Mandibular 2nd Molar |
1. Resemblespermanent mandibular first molar but smaller |
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Describe the pulp of Primary teeth |
1. Relativelylarger 2.Pulphorns are closer to the outer surface 3. Greatvariation in size and location 4. Mesial pulphorn is higher 5. Pulpchamber shallow 6. Formof the pulp follows the external anatomy 7. Usuallya pulp horn under each cusp |
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Describe roots of Primary teeth |
1. Rootsof anterior teeth are narrower bucco-ligually 2. Posteriorteeth have more slender roots 3. Molarroots flare more as they approach the apex to accommodate tooth buds 4. APICAL FORAMINA may be larger and ACCESSORY CANALS often larger and more numerous |
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What are the implications ofPrimary tooth morphology? |
Theprogress of caries is much faster in the primary dentition, so incipientlesions should be restored sooner than later! -Thinenamel -Thindentine -Mesialpulp horn high |
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SUMMARY OF PRIMARY TEETH |
1.Thinnerenamel 2.Pulphorns closer to the outer surface 3.Mesialpulp horn much higher 4.Relativelylarger pulps 5.Cervicalis sharply demarcated 6.Rootsflare as they approach the apex 7.Moretortuous and irregular pulp canals |
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Whatare the similarities and differences between permanent and deciduous teeth? |
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Lookat picture and model of primary and permanent teeth and note differences |
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Whatis the eruption pattern for the primary teeth? |
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Lookat the chart of eruption dates and note down approximate eruption ages for thefollowing primary teeth: upper 2’s, lower 3’s, upper 4’s, 5’s |
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Age when the permanent dentition begin to erupt |
6 years old |
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Age when the deciduous dentition is entirely replaced by permanent dentition |
12 or 13 years old |
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Age when the wisdom tooth comes through |
between 17 to 25 years old |
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How many quadrants needed to make the entire dentition? |
four |
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How many teeth per quadrant of a permanent dentition? |
8 teeth per quadrant |
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What is the dental formula for Primary Dentition and Permanent Dentition? |
Primary Dentition = 2 1 2 (incisors, canine,molars) Permanent Dentition 2 1 2 3 (incisors canine premolar molar) |
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Which teeth are considered anterior teeth? |
Central incisors, lateral incisors, canines |
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Which teeth are posterior teeth? |
premolars (1st and 2nd) and molars (1st 2nd and 3rd) |
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Mandibular teeth precede their maxillary counterparts. The ONLYexception is the second premolars. True or False? |
True. Maxillary second premolar erupts first before Mandibular second premolar |
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Which are the first permanent teeth to erupt?Alternatively? |
First molars or Mandibular central incisors by the age of 6 |
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What are the last primary teeth to be replaced? |
Second molars (mandibular and maxillary) erupt after the upper canines |
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What are the very last teeth to erupt? |
3rd molar (wisdom teeth) |
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What are the four types of teeth? |
The cutting Incisors The pointed Canines (cuspids) The two pointed Premolars (bicuspids) Many cusped or many pointed Molars |
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What are the features of Incisors? |
It has one root It has a shovel-like crowns Have a biting or an incised edge Have cingulum and marginal ridges |
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How does the shape of Incisors helped with its function? |
The incisal edges of the upper teeth do more of the incision, and the palatal surfaces less, so the bitefrom the upper teeth becomes deeper. **to cut or incise food with their thin edges. |
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The distance that provides the space to permit the development of the shearing force of the incisors |
Overjet |
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The distance when the scissor bladescome to lie over each other, so the teeth "over close" in the incisorarea |
Overbite |
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What are the features of Canine? |
Have one root (longest and most stable teeth in the dental arch) Have a pointedcusp instead of a biting edge Roughlydiamond-shaped from the front viewCingulum and marginalridges |
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What is the functions of the canines? |
used for holding, grasping, and tearing food. Referred to as the cornerstone of the mouth. |
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Why can't humans have long canines? |
Human mastication demands that webe able to move our jaws from side to side to be able to successfully chew ourfood. |
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How would itaffect the mastication if the humancanines were as large as animals’? |
Chewing our food would be difficult if our canines are extended beyond our dental arch. You will note that dogs, unlike man, do not chew their food; the use towhich their dentition is put is different from ours. |
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What are the features of Premolars? |
Have a truebiting (occlusal) surface Two cusps – buccal and lingual The buccal cusp islarger than the lingual cusp It has fissures Mesial and distalmarginal ridges First upperpremolars often have 2 roots, lower counterparts – 1 root |
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What is the functions of Premolars? |
holding food, like canines because they have cusps; also to crush food. |
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What are the features of Molars? |
The largest ofall the human teeth The crowns arebulky and wide with 4 or 5 cusps The uppermolars have 3 roots, lower have 2 |
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How does the design of Molars help with function? |
**Grinding food |
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Name this tooth |
Mandibular Right First Molar |
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Name this tooth |
Maxillary Right First Molar |
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What is the term used for teeth that has no deciduous predecessors? |
Accedaneous (Only Permanent molars. Great example is the first molar teeth) |
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What is Succedaneous? |
When the permanent teeth replace the primary teeth |
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What is Occlusal plane? |
a plane passing through the occlusal or biting surfaces of the teeth |
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What is Midline? |
line between your two upper front teeth and your two lower front teeth |
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What is FDI notation? |
widely used by dentists internationally to associate information to a specific tooth |
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What is Embrasure? |
embrasures are V-shaped valleys between adjacent teeth. They provide a spill way for food to escape during chewing which essentially aids in the self-cleansing process |
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What is Lobe? |
A lobe is one of the primary anatomical divisions of a crown; all teeth develop from either four or five lobes (for example, a central incisor forms from four lobes while first molars develop from five lobes.) |
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What is Mammelons? |
are small, rounded projections of enamel from the incisal edges of newly erupted anterior teeth? |
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What are Developmental grooves? |
is a shallow groove or line between the primary parts of the crown or root |
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What is fissure? |
A developmental groove that has an imperfect union where the lobes come together |
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What is Cingulum? |
A cingulum is found on the lingual aspect of an anterior tooth. It is a convex mount of enamel localized to the cervical one-third of the crown. |
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Marginal ridge – what is the clinical significance ofthis structure? |
marginal ridge is a linear, rounded border of enamel that forms the mesial and distal margins of anterior teeth as viewed from the lingual, and the mesial and distal borders of occlusal surfaces on posterior teeth. |
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What is Oblique ridge? |
The only tooth on which an oblique ridge is found is the maxillary molar. An oblique ridge consists of a union between the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp and the distal cusp ridge of the mesiolingual cusp. *Maxillary first molar |
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The surfacesof teeth which: 1.Face thetongue are called? 2.Face the cheekare called? 3.Face themidline are called? 4.Face adjacentteeth are called? 5.Face the lipsare called? 6.Are furthestaway from the midline are called? |
1.Lingual Surface 2. Buccal Surface 3. Mesial Surface 4. Palatal Surface 5. Labial Surface 6. Distal Surface |
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The presence of the ___________, and by the__________________ help anchor the upper anterior teeth to thestable canine teeth. |
Upper Lip and Periodontal Ligaments |
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What are the directions of these stress forces that aretransmitted to the teeth? |
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How are the ligaments (which attach theteeth to the sockets)modified to be able to absorb andtransmitting these stresses to the bones? |
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How manypermanent teeth are there? |
32 teeth |
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What is theeruption pattern for the permanent teeth? |
1. First teeth to erupt is the mandibular central incisors or mandibular first molar by the age of 6. 2. Followed by the maxillary central incisors, mandibular lateral incisors, maxillary lateral incisors. 3. Mandibular canine replace the primary predecessors. 4.Followed by the Mandibular 1st premolar, Maxillary 1st premolar, Maxillary 2nd molar then Mandibular 2nd molar. 5.The last primary to be replaced is the second (maxillary and mandibular) molars after the upper canines erupt. |
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Select a permanent tooth and describes its main morphological characteristics, eruptiontimes and function |
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