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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diploid |
An organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n) |
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Gamete |
A haploid reproductive cell or sex cell (sperm/egg) |
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Gene |
The physical and functional unit of heredity; a sequence of DNA that codes for a specific peptide or RNA molecule |
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Genome |
The entire generic complement of a an organism (DNA) |
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Haploid |
An organism containing one set of chromosomes (n) |
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Homologous chromosomes |
The matched pairs of Chromosomes in a diploid organism, same length with genes in the same location |
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Locus |
The position of a gene on a chromosome |
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Anaphase |
The stage of mitosis when sister chromatids are separated from each other |
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Cell cycle |
The ordered sequence of events that a cell passes through between one cell division and the next |
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Cell cycle checkpoints |
Mechanisms that monitor the preparedness of a eukaryotic cell to advance through the various cell cycle stages |
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Cell plate |
A structure formed during plant cell cytokinesis by golgi vehicles forming at the metaphase plate |
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Centriole |
A paired rod liked structure constructed of microtubules at the center of each animal cell centrosome |
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Cleavage furrow |
A constriction formed by the actin ring during animal cell cytokinesis that leads to cytoplasmic division |
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Cytokinesis |
The division of the cytoplasm following mitosis to form two daughter cells |
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G0 phase |
The resting phase, not preparing to divide or after duplication |
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G1 phase |
Cell growth |
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G2 phase |
Cell growth, final preparation for mitosis |
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Interphase |
Includes G1, S, and G2 phases, the interim between two consecutive cell divisions |
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Kinetichore |
A protein structure in the centromere of each sister chromatid that attracts and binds spindle microtubules during prometaphase |
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Metaphase plate |
The equatorial plane midway between two poles of a cell where the chromosomes align during metaphase |
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Metaphase |
A stage of mitosis during which chromosomes are lined up at the metaphase plate |
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Mitosis |
The period of the cell cycle at which the duplicated chromosomes are separated into identical nuclei; includes prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase |
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Mitotic phase |
The period of the cell cycle when duplicated chromosomes are distributed into two nuclei and the cytoplasmic contents are divided; includes mitosis and cytokinesis |
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Mitotic spindle |
The microtubule apparatus that orchestrates the movement of chromosomes during mitosis |
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Prometaphase |
The stage of mitosis during which mitotic spindle fires attach to kinetochores |
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Prophase |
The stage of mitosis during which chromosomes condense and the mitotic spindle begins to form |
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S phase |
Synthesis phase of interphase were DNA replication occurs |
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Telophase |
Stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by nuclear envelopes |
