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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The distinctive characteristics that defines anindividual or is shared by those belonging to aparticular group |
Identity |
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Identities are |
relational and contextual |
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They are regarded as unruly and are oftensuspected on theft and other misdemeanors. |
Urbanization |
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Is loosely defined as a society's way of life,provides the basis for forging identities. |
Culture |
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refers to a group of people living in a community. |
society |
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According to Mclever and Page |
It is a web of social relationship, which is always changing. |
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There is nothing permanent except CHANGE |
Heraclitus |
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CHANGE IS GENERALLY PERVASIVE AND TAKES PLACE INCULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS. |
Panopio |
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changes in social status |
Social Mobility |
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changes in social status |
Migration |
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multiple ties and connections linking people andinstitutions across the borders of nation-states |
Transnationalism |
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process by which an entity developsinternational influence or start operating on aninternational scale. |
Globalization |
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variations or modifications in the pattern ofsocial organization, of sub-groups within asociety, or of the entire society itselfmanifestations |
Social Change |
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new combination or a new use of existingknowledge |
Invention |
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when people reorganize existing elements of theworld they had not noticed before or learned tosee in a new way |
Discovery |
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spread of culture traits from one group toanother |
Diffusion |
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It happens when one culture spreads toanother through learning. Education isthe most popular form |
Enculturation |
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Learning through constant exposureand exposure to culture |
Socialization |
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Establishing a connection with theculture thereby bridging areas ofconvergence and cultural symbiosis. |
Association |
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The total assimilation of culture asmanifested by change of worldviews,attitudes, behaviors, and perspectives oflooking things |
Integration |
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All alterations affecting new traits or traitcomplexes and change in the culture’s contentand structure. |
Cultural Change |
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causes are: |
1 physical environment 2. population 3war and conquest 4. random events 5. technology |
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women's suffrage gained ground |
1930 |
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The law mandated a plebiscite on the question ofFilipino women's suffrage, which required |
300,000 votes |
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results of the plebiscite, held in 1937 |
400,000 votes |
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also has profound implications for socio-cultural and politicalchange |
Rapidly-advancing technology |
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It issaid that % of the Philippine population is nowabroad either as temporary migrants orpermanent immigrants. |
10% |
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primarilyinteract with each other through the Internet andother social media platforms. |
transnational families |
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The study of human beings and their respectivecultures where they were born and activelybelong. |
Anthropology |
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The study of human social life, groups andsociety in general. -Sex , gender, sexual orientation, religion, socialclass, race, ethnicity - social forces. |
Sociology |
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The systematic study of government and politics-Nature of power, how possession and exerciseof power can shape individual actions and collective decisions for that matter. |
Political Science |
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Some of the most prominent academic disciplinesin the social sciences are |
anthropology, sociology,and political science |
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is the systematic study of the biological,cultural, and social aspects of man. It is derivedfrom two Greek words, anthropos (man) andlogos (study or inquiry) |
ANTHROPOLOGY |
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studies how social patternsand practices and cultural variations developacross different societies. |
Social Anthropology |
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studies culturalvariations across different societies and examinesthe need to understand each culture in its owncontext. |
Cultural Anthropology |
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studies language anddiscourse and how they reflect and shapedifferent aspects of human society and culture. |
Linguistic Anthropology |
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studies theorigin of humans as well as the interplay betweensocial factors and the processes of humanevolution adaptation and variation overtime. |
Biological |
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ANTHROPOLOGISTS: |
● Sir Burnett Taylor ● Franz Boas ● Bronislaw Maalinowski ● Clifford Geertz ● Alfred Kroeber ● Margaret Mead |
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SOCIOLOGIST: |
August Comte - Herbert Spencer - Karl Marx - Emile Durkheim - Max Weber |
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is the systematic study of politics, which AndrewHeywood describes as “the activity throughwhich people make, preserve, and amend thegeneral rules under which they live. ” It focuseson the fundamental values of equality, freedom,and justice and its processes and linked to thedynamics of conflict, resolution and cooperation |
POLITICAL SCIENCE |
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examines how thegovernment functions and how decisions andpolicies are made. |
Public Administration |
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evaluates the interplaybetween economics, politics, and law and itsimplications to the various institutions withinsociety. |
Political Economy |
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compares domesticpolitics and governance systems across differentsovereign states. |
Comparative Politics |
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POLITICAL SCIENTIST: |
Plato - Aristotle - Niccolo Machiavelli - Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Thomas Hobbes - Baron de Montesquieu - Karl Marx - John Locke |
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an marriage ceremonyrequires husband and wife to have an exclusiverelationship and to be sanctified to each otherunder the law of Moses |
Among the Jews,a Kiddush |
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Engagement in Jewish law carries |
legal and socialsignificance. |
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is the mutual agreement between thebride’s and the groom’s parents to discuss thedate and financial agreements of the marriage. |
Te Naim |
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on the wedding day, they recite special prayersas a “day of atonement” and fast from dawn untilthe |
chupah ceremony is completed. |
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A group of people occupying a geographicalterritory, with a common culture, and interactingwith each other. |
SOCIETY |
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Types of Society |
1. Hunting and gathering societies 2. Pastoral societies 3. Horticultural societies 4. Agricultural societies 5. Industrial societies 6. Post-industrial societies |
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Refers to the total and distinctive way of life ordesigns for living of any society. |
Culture |
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Scripture of jews |
Torah |
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2 MAJOR ASPECTS OF CULTURAL TOOLBOX |
Material Culture Non material culture |
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Total range of what has been learned orperceived as true (however, truth may change) . |
Knowledge |
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accumulated facts about nature(biological and physical aspects) . |
Natural |
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knowledge of nature in dealingwith practical problems. |
Technological |
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perceptions about the actions ofgods, demons, angels, and spirits and naturalbeings such as shamans, witches, or prophetswho have supernatural powers. |
Supernatural |
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perception about methods ofinfluencing supernatural events by manipulatingcertain laws of nature. |
Magical |
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Rules or group expectations of how one shouldbehave or acton certain situations. |
Social Norms |
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norms which are right, legal,ethical, proper, moral, appropriate. |
Prescriptive |
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norms which are unethical, wrong,bad, immoral, illegal, inappropriate, andimproper. |
Proscriptive |
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These are the general rules, customary, andhabitual ways and patterns of expected behaviorwithin the society where they are followed,without much thought given to the matter. - Include innumerable group expectation like rulesof eating , drinking, dressing, rituals, and politebehavior in institutional settings. |
Folkways |
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Special folkways (more strict) which areimportant to the welfare of the peopleand their values. |
Mores |
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Formalized norms sanctioned by thestate like fines, imprisonment, or death. |
Laws |
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It is the systematized usage of speech andhearing to convey, communicate, or expressfeelings and ideas. |
Language |
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It refers to the techniques and knowledge inutilizing raw materials to produce food, tools,clothing, shelter, means of transportation andweapon. |
Technology |
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are defined culturally as standards bywhich peopleassess desirability, goodness, andbeauty. |
Values |
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When the cultural knowledge is passed on |
SOCIALIZATION AND ENCULTURATION |
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refers to particular circumstances of acertain culture and is defined by location,weather, time period, and other factors. |
CONTEXT |
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considers culture as the centralfocus of its discipline. |
Anthropology |
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considers culture asequal. This view holds that there are no“superior” and “inferior” cultures, and each isunique in its own way |
RELATIVISTIC APPROACH |
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the belief thatone’s native culture is superior to other cultures.Ethnocentric societies tend to have a negativeview of other countries and people. |
ETHNOCENTRIC APPROACH |
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diminishes orinvalidates “other” ways of life andcreates a distorted view of one’s own. Asa result, this could affect individual |
ETHNOCENTRISM |
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oncereferred to the Filipinos as Americans’“little brown brothers” who needed tobe supervised by the United States ofAmerica |
William Howard Taft, |
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there are some societies that havethe tendency to consider their culture as inferiorto others |
XENOCENTRISM. |
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whichrecognizes and accepts the cultural differencesbetween societies. This view believes that everyaspect of culture can justified by the context inwhich the culture has been formed. |
CULTURAL RELATIVISM |
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relates culture with the overall contextof social order. There are different sociologicalperspectives that explain this order. |
Sociology |
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operates on theassumption that society is a stable and orderlysystem. Structural functionalists consider cultureas a glue that binds society. |
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM |
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assumes that there is aconstant power struggle among the variousgroups and institutions within the society. |
Conflict theory |
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views individualand group behavior and social interactions asdefining features of society. |
SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM |
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also examines cultures as a vitalaspect of society. |
POLITICAL SCIENCE |
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advances awareness and acceptance of cultural differencesbut encourages a critical stance in dealing withissues regarding diversity. |
Cultural sensitivity |