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211 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Trapezius Origin |
1. Medial part of superior nuchal line. 2. Ligamentum Nuchae 3. Thoracic spinous processes 4. Supraspinous ligament |
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Trapezius Insertion |
1. Lateral part of the clavicle 2. Acromion 3. Spine of the scapula |
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Trapezius Innervation |
Motor from spinal portion of accessory nerve, CN XI |
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Trapezius Action |
1. Acting as a whole, trapezius rotates scapula upward 2. upper trap rotates scapula upward 3. middle trap retracts (adducts) scapula 4. Lower trap depresses and upwardly rotates scapula |
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Latissimus Dorsi Origin |
1. Spinous processes of T7-T12 2. Lumbar Aponeurosis (throaco lumbar fascia) 3. Crest of ilium 4. Lower 3 or 4 ribs 5. Inferior angle of scapula |
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Latissimus Dorsi Insertion |
Floor of Bicipital groove of humerus |
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Latissimus Dorsi Innervation |
Throacodorsal Nerve |
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Latissimus Dorsi Action |
1. Shoulder extension 2. Shoulder internal rotation 3. Shoulder Adduction 4. Can contribute to scapular depression and retraction |
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Levator Scapulae origin |
Transverse processes of C1-C4
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Leavtor Scapulae Insertion |
Vertebral border between the spine and the superior angle of scapula |
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Levator scapulae Innervation |
Dorsal scapular nerve |
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Levator scapulae action |
1. Elevation of scapula 2. Downward rotation of scapula |
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Rhomboid Minor origin |
Spinous processes of C7-T1
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Rhomboid Minor Insertion |
Vertebral border of scapula at base of spine |
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Rhomboid Minor Innervation |
Dorsal scapular nerve |
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Rhomboid Minor Action |
1. Downward Rotation of scapula 2. Retraction(adduction) of scapula 3. Elevation of scapula |
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Rhomboid Major Origin |
Spinous processes of T2-T5 |
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Rhomboid Major Insertion |
Vertebral border below the rhomboid minor to the inferior angle |
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Rhomboid Major Innervation |
Dorsal scapular nerve |
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Serratus Posterior Superior Origin |
Spinous processes of C7-T12 |
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Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion |
Upper ribs |
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Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation |
Intercostal nerves T2-T5 (ventral rami) |
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Serratus Posterior Superior Action |
Assists in lifting ribs in inspiration |
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Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin |
Spinous Processes T11-L2 |
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Serratus Posterior Inferior Instertion |
Lower Ribs |
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Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation |
Intercostal nerves T9-T12 (ventral Rami) |
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Serratus Posterior Inferior Action |
Unclear, May hold lower ribs down during inspiration |
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Serratus Anterior Origin |
Digitations from ribs 1-8 |
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Serratus Anterior Insertion |
1. Vertebral border on costal surface of scapula 2. Inferior angle of scapula |
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Serratus Anterior Innervation |
1. Long thoracic nerve |
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Serratus Anterior Action |
1. Scapula protraction (abduction) 2. Rotates scapula upward |
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Deltoid Origin |
1. Lower margin of scapular spine 2. Acromion 3. Lower margin of lateral 1/3 of clavicle |
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Deltoid Insertion |
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus |
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Deltoid Innervation |
Axillary nerve |
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Deltoid Action |
1. As a whole stabilizes Glenohumeral joint 2. Anterior fibers: shoulder flexion and horizontal adduction 3. Middle fibers: shoulder abduction 4. Posterior fibers: Shoulder extension and horizontal abduction |
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Subscapularis Origin |
Costal surface of scapula |
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Subscapularis Insertion |
Lesser tubercle of humerus |
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Subscapularis Innervation |
Upper and lower Subscapular nerves |
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Subscapularis Action |
1. Stabilizes glenohumeral joint 2. Shoulder internal rotation |
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Supraspinatus Origin |
Supraspinous fossa |
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Supraspinatus Instertion |
Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus |
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Supraspinatus Innervation |
Suprascapular nerve |
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Supraspinatus action |
1. Stabalizes glenohumeral joint 2. Shoulder abduction 3. Depresses humeral head during abduction |
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Infraspinatus Origin |
Infraspinatus fossa |
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Infraspinatus Insertion |
Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus |
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Infraspinatus Innervation |
Suprascapular Nerve |
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Infraspinatus Action |
1. Stabalizes glenohumeral joint 2. Shoulder external rotation |
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Teres Minor Origin |
Lateral border of scapula, above Teres Major |
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Teres Minor Insertion |
Lesser aspect of greater tubercle of humerus |
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Teres Minor Innervation |
Axillary Nerve |
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Teres Minor Action |
1. Stabilizes glenohumeral joint 2. External rotation of the shoulder |
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Teres Major Origin |
Lower lateral border of scapula as far as inferior angle |
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Teres Major Insertion |
Medial lip of bicipital groove |
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Teres Major Innervation |
Lower Subscapular Nerve |
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Teres Major Action |
1. Shoulder internal rotation 2. Shoulder adduction 3. Shoulder extension |
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Coracobrachialis Origin |
Coracoid process |
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Coracobrachialis Insertion |
Middle shaft of Humerus |
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Coracobrachialis Innervation |
Musculocutaneous nerve |
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Coracobrachialis Action |
1. Shoulder flexion 2. Shoulder adduction |
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Biceps Brachii Origin |
1. Short head: coracoid process 2. Long head: supraglenoid tubercle (bends with labrum) |
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Biceps Brachii Insertion |
Radial tuberosity |
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Biceps Brachii Innervation |
Musculocutaneous Nerve |
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Biceps Brachii Action |
1. Elbow Flexion 2. Forearm supination 3. Shoulder Flexion |
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Biceps Brachii Notes |
-Tendinous Origin of long head runs in fibrous capsule of GH joint (enclosed in synovial membrane) Travels in biciptal groove, held down by transverse humeral ligament -Two tendons fuse into one muscle belly -Prior to insertion gives off bicipital aponeurosis medially which fuses with deep fascia -In 10% a third head can be found arising from the humerus |
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Brachialis Origin |
Lower, anterior humerus |
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Brachialis Insertion |
Coronoid Process |
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Brachialis Innervation |
Musculocutaneous Nerve Possible dual innervation from radial nerve |
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Brachialis Action |
Elbow Flexor in both supination and pronation |
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Triceps Brachii Origin |
1. Long head: Infraglendoid tubercle 2. Lateral head: Posterior humerus above spiral groove 3. Medial Head: Posterior humerus below spiral groove |
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Triceps Brachii Insertion |
Olecranon Process |
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Triceps Brachii Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Triceps Brachii Action |
1. Elbow extension 2. Long head can adduct and extend shoulder |
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Triceps Brachii Notes |
Posterior compartment Long head runs anterior to teres minor and poster to teres major Long and lateral heads form the superficial part of the muscle |
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Anconeus Origin |
Lateral epicondyle of humerus |
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Anconeus Insertion |
1. Lateral surface of olecranon 2. Lateral Ulna |
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Anconeus Innervation |
Radial nerve |
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Anconeus Action |
Extention of elbow |
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Pectoralis Major Origin |
1. Medial 1/3 of clavicle 2. Sternum, upper 6 costal cartilages 3. Aponeurosis of external oblique |
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Pectoralis Major Insertion |
Lateral lip of bicipital groove 1. Clavicular fibers insert lower part of groove 2. sternal fibers insert to upper part of groove |
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Pectoralis Major Innervation |
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves |
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Pectoralis Major Action |
1. Shoulder adduction 2. Shoulder flexion 3. Shoulder internal rotation |
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Pectoralis minor origin |
ribs 2-5 |
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Pectoralis Minor Insertion |
Coracoid process of scapula |
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Pectoralis Minor Innervation |
Medial and Lateral pectoral nerves |
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Pectoralis Minor Action |
1. protraction of scapula 2. scapular depression |
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Subclavius Origin |
First rib |
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Subclavius Insertion |
Clavicle |
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Subclavius Innervation |
nerve to subclavius |
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Subclavius Action |
Elevation of first rib |
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Pronator Teres Origin |
1. Medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) 2. Coronoid process of ulna |
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Pronator Teres Insertion |
Mid-radius |
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Pronator Teres Innervation |
Median Nerve median nerve passes between heads |
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Pronator Teres Action |
1. Pronation of forearm 2. Weak flexor of elbow |
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Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin |
Medial Epicondyle (common flexor origin) |
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Flexor Carpi radialis Insertion |
Base of 2nd metacarple |
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Flexor Carpi Radialis Innervation |
Median Nerve |
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Flexor Carpi Radialis Action |
1. Wrist flexion 2. Wrist radial deviation (with extensor carpi radialis longus) |
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Palmaris Longus Origin |
Medial Epicondyle (common flexor origin) |
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Palmaris Longus Insertion |
Palmar aponeurosis |
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Palmaris Longus Innervation |
Median Nerve |
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Palmaris Longus Action
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Wrist Flexion |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Origin |
2 heads 1. Medial Epicondyle (common flexor origin) 2. Posterior border of upper ulna |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Insertion |
1. Pisiform 2. Hamate 3. Base of 5th metacarple |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Innervation |
Ulnar nerve |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action |
1. Wrist Flexion 2. Ulnar deviation of wrist (with extensor carpi ulnaris) |
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Origin |
1. Medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) and coronoid process 2. Upper radius |
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Insertion |
4 tendons insert on each side of base of the middle phalanx, tendons split to allow profundus tendon to pass through |
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Innervation |
Median Nerve |
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Notes |
Tendons lie in a common synovial sheath under flexor retinaculum that is shared with the flexor digitorum profundus Middle and ring finger tendons are above index and little finger tendons. |
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Flexor Pollicis Longus Origin |
1. Middle radius 2. Interosseous Membrane |
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Flexor Pollicis Longus Insertion |
Base of Distal phalanx of thumb |
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Flexor Pollicis Longus Innervation |
Median Nerve (anterior interosseous nerve) |
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Flexor Pollicis Longus Action |
1. Flexes distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint 2. Flexes Proximal phalanx of thumb at MCP joint |
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus Origin |
1. Upper 3/4 of ulna |
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus Insertion |
Base of distal phalanx |
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Flexor Digitorum profundus Innervation |
1. Median nerve to muscles going to digits 2 and 3 (anterior interosseous nerve) 2. Ulnar nerve to muscles going to digits 4 and 5 |
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus Action |
Flexes distal phalanx |
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Pronator Quadratus Origin |
Distal Ulna |
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Pronator Quadratus Insertion |
Distal Radius |
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Pronator Quadratus Innervation |
Median Nerve |
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Pronator Quadratus Action |
Pronation of the forearm |
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Palmaris Brevis Origin |
Hypothenar fascia |
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Palmaris Brevis Insertion |
Skin of ulnar border of the hand |
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Palmaris Brevis Innervation |
Ulnar Nerve |
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Palmaris Brevis Action |
1. Moves Skin 2. Improves contour for grip |
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Lumbricals Origin |
From radial side of tendons of flexor digitorum profundus muscle while leaving common tendon sheath |
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Lumbricals Insertion |
Extensor hood (aponeurosis) |
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Lumbricals Innervation |
1. Median Nerve to lumbricals 1 and 2 2. Ulnar Nerve to lumbricals 3 and 4 |
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Lumbricals Action |
Flexion of Metacarpophalangeal joints with extension of IP joints |
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Adductor Pollicis Origin |
2 heads 1. Transverse from 3rd metacarpal 2. Oblique from base of metacarpals 1, 2, 3 |
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Adductor Pollicis Insertion |
Base of proximal phalanx of thumb |
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Adductor Pollicis Innervation |
Ulnar Nerve |
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Adductor Pollicis Action |
Adduction of the thumb |
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Palmar Interossei Origin |
Each has 1 head arising from the adjacent metacarpal. 1st interossei from ulnar side of 2nd metacarpal 2nd interossei from radial side of 4th metacarpal 3rd interossei from radial side of 5th metacarpal |
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Palmar Interossei Insertion |
Extensor aponeurosis |
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Palmar Interossei Innervation |
Deep branch of ulnar nerve |
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Palmar Interossei Action |
1. Adduction and flexion at metacarpophalangeal joint 2. Extension at interphalangeal joint |
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Dorsal Interossei Origin |
Each interossei has 2 heads arising from the adjacent metacarpal |
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Dorsal Interossei Insertion |
Proximal phalanx and extensor tendon (hood) 1st interossei to radial side of index finger 2nd interossei to radial side of middle finger 3rd interossei to ulnar side of middle finger 4th interossei to ulnar side of ring finger |
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Dorsal Interossei Innervation |
Ulnar Nerve |
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Dorsal Interossei Action |
1. Abduction and flexion at metacarpopharangeal joint 2. Extension at Interpharangeal joint |
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Abductor Pollicis Brevis Origin |
1. Distal Border of flexor retinaculum 2. Trapezium |
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Abductor Pollicis Brevis Insertion |
Base of proximal phalanx of thumb |
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Abductor Pollicis Brevis Innervation |
Recurrent branch of median nerve |
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Abductor Pollicis Brevis Action |
Abducts thumb |
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Flexor Pollicis Brevis Origin |
2 heads Superficial head: distal flexor retinaculum and trapezium Deep head: trapezoid |
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Flexor Pollicis Brevis Insertion |
Base of proximal phalanx of thumb |
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Flexor Pollicis Brevis Innervation |
1. Superficial head: recurrent branch of median nerve 2. Deep head: Ulnar nerve |
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Flexor Pollicis Brevis Action |
Flexes metacarpophalangeal joint |
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Opponens Pollicis Origin |
1. Flexor retinaculum 2. Trapezius |
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Opponens Pollicis Insertion |
1st metacarpal |
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Opponens Pollicis Innervation |
Recurrent branch of median nerve |
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Opponens Pollicis Action |
Opposition of thumb (movement at carpometacarpal joint) |
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Abductor Digiti Minimi Origin |
1. Pisiform bone 2. Adjacent tendons of flexor carpi ulnaris |
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Abductor Digiti Minimi Insertion |
Base of proximal phalanx of little finger |
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Abductor Digiti Minimi Innervation |
Deep branch of ulnar nerve |
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Abductor Digiti Minimi Action |
Abducts little finger |
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Flexor Digiti Minimi Origin |
1. Flexor retinaculum 2. Hamate |
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Flexor Digiti Minimi Insertion |
Proximal phalanx of little finger |
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Flexor Digiti Minimi Innervation |
Deep branch of ulnar nerve |
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Flexor Digiti Minimi Action |
Flexes metacarpophalangeal joint |
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Opponens Digiti Minimi Origin |
1. Distal flexor retinaculum 2. Hook of hamate |
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Opponens Digiti Minimi Insertion |
5th metacarpal |
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Opponens Digiti Minimi Innervation |
Deep branch of ulnar nerve |
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Opponens Digiti Minimi Action |
Opposition of the little finger |
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Brachioradialis Origin |
Upper lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus |
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Brachioradialis Insertion |
lateral radius above styloid process |
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Brachioradialis Innervation |
Radial nerve |
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Brachioradialis Action |
1. Flexion of forearm in neutral position 2. Supinates pronated forearm 3. Pronates supinated forearm |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Origin |
Lateral Epicondyle |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Insertion |
Base of third metacarple |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Innervation |
Deep branch of radial nerve |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Action |
Wrist extension |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Origin |
Lower lateral supracondylar ridge |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Insertion |
Base of second metacarple |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Action |
1. Wrist extension 2. Contributes to radial deviation (with flexor carpi radialis) |
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Extensor Digitorum Origin |
Lateral epicondyle (common extensor hood) |
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Extensor Digitorum Insertion |
Extensor Hood |
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Extensor Digitorum Innervation |
Deep branch of the radial nerve |
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Extensor Digitorum Action |
Extension of all joints of the digits |
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Extensor Digitorum Notes |
Extensor hood mechanism. 3 or 4 tendons pass under retinaculum. Give off intertendinous connections. 1st and 4th tendons joined by extensor indicis tendon and tendon of extensor digiti minimi an MCP. At MCP the tendons expand laterally to cover the joint and are joined by the insertions of the lumbricals and interossei, forming the extensor aponeurosis (hood). Aponeurosis splits into 3 bands, 2 lateral and 1 central. Central band inserts of the middle phalanx. Lateral bands come togeather as one to insert on the distal phalanx. |
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Extensor Digiti Minimi Origin |
Lateral Epicondyle (common extensor tendon) |
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Extensor Digiti Minimi Insertion |
Extensor hood of 5th finger |
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Extensor Digiti Minimi Innervation |
Deep branch of radial nerve |
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Extensor Digiti Minimi Action |
Extension of the fifth finger |
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Origin |
2 heads 1. Lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon) 2. Middle posterior ulna |
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Insertion |
Base of 5th metacarpal |
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Innervation |
Deep branch of radial nerve |
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Action |
1. Wrist extension 2. Ulnar deviation (with flexor carpi ulnaris) |
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Supinator Origin |
1. Lateral epicondyle 2. Radial collateral and annular ligaments 3. Supinator crest of the ulna |
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Supinator Insertion |
Upper radius |
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Supinator Innervation |
Deep branch of radial nerve |
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Supinator action |
Supinates the forearm |
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Abductor Pollicis Longus Origin |
1. Posterior ulna 2. Posterior radius 3. Interosseous membrane |
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Abductor Pollicis Longus Insertion |
Base of the 1st metacarpal |
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Abductor Pollicis Longus Innervation |
Deep branch of the radial nerve |
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Abductor Pollicis Longus Action |
Abducts the thumb |
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Extensor Pollicis Brevis Origin |
1. Distal radius 2. Interosseous membrane |
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Extensor Pollicis Brevis Insertion |
Base of proximal phalanx of thumb |
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Extensor Pollicis Brevis Innervation |
Deep branch of radial nerve |
|
Extensor Pollicis Brevis Action |
Extends thumb at metacarpopharangeal joint |
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Extensor Pollicis Longus Origin |
1. Posterior ulna 2. Interosseous membrane (see notes) |
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Extensor Pollicis Longus Insertion |
Distal Phalanx of thumb |
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Extensor Pollicis Longus Innervation |
Deep branch of radial nerve |
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Extensor Pollicis Longus Action |
Extends thumb |
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Extensor Pollicis Longus Notes |
Origin lines between abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis |
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Extensor Indicis Origin |
Posterior distal ulna |
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Extensor Indicis Insertion |
Extensor hood of index finger |
|
Extensor Indicis Innervation |
Deep branch of radial nerve |
|
Extensor Indicis Action |
Extension of index finger |