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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Articulations of the shoulder
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Sternoclavicular Joint
Acromioclavicular Joint Scapulo-Thoracic Articulation Glenohumeral Joint |
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Thoracic Cage
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Sternum
Ribs (24) Costal Cartilages Thoracic Vertebrae |
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Features of the clavicle
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Sternal End
Acromial End Trapezoid line - at anterior acromial end, where trapezoid ligament attaches Conoid Tubercle - attachment site for ligament |
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Features of the scapula
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Superior Angle
Inferior Angle Coracoid Process Subscapular Fossa Scapular Notch Superior Border Axillary Border Vertebral Border Scapular Spine Acromion Process Supraspinatus Fossa Infraspinatus Fossa lateral: Glenoid Fossa Acromion Process Coracoid Process Supraglenoid Tubercle Infraglenoid Tubercle |
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Features of the distal anterior humerus
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Coronoid Fossa
Radial Fossa Capitulum Trochlea Look at pictures! |
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Features of the distal posterior humerus
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Medial Epicondyle
Lateral Epicondyle Supracondylar Ridges Olecranon Fossa |
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Features of the radius
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Head
Neck Radial Tuberosity Ulnar Notch Shaft Radial Styloid Process Carpal Articular Surface |
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Features of the ulna
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Shaft
Olecranon Process Coronoid Process Radial Notch Ulnar Tuberosity Ulnar Styloid Process Head |
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Muscles of the shoulder girdle
6 |
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae Rhomboid Minor Rhomboid Major Pectoralis Minor Serratus Anterior |
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Trapezius
O I N A |
O = Occip protuberance, Lig nuchae, spin proc C7 thru T1-12
I = Spine of scapula, acromion and lateral 3rd of clavicle N = Spinal Acessory n. (CN XI), C3-C4 (spinal nerve branches from) A= Upper Elevation Middle Retraction Lower Depression Upper & Lower Work together to rotate scapula |
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Levator Scapula
O I N A |
O = Trans proc, C1-4
I = Sup angle and prox med scapula N = C3-4, Dorsal scapular n. (C5) A = Elevate scapula; Laterally Flex C-Spine |
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Rhomboid Major and minor
O I N A |
O = Spin proc C7, T1-5
I = Vertebral border N = Dorsal Scapular n., (C4,5) A = Elevate, retract and downwardly rot scapula |
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Pectoralis Minor
O I N A |
O = Ant ribs 3-5
I = Coracoid process N = Med Pectoral n. (C6-8, T1) A = Depress, protract & downwardly rot scapula |
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Serratus Anterior
O I N A |
O = Anterior lateral Ribs 1-8
I = Med border of ant. scapular surface N = Long thoracic n. (C5-7) A = Protract, depress and upwardly rot scapula |
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Glenohumeral joint muscles
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Deltoid
Pectoralis Major Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Subclavius* Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis Coracobrachialis |
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Deltoid
O I N A |
O =
Lat 3rd of clavicle (anterior) Acromion (middle) Spine of scapula (posterior) I = Deltoid tuberosity N = Axillary n. (C5-6) A = Abduct arm (all 3 sections) Anterior = Flex & Int rot arm Posterior = Ext & Ext rot arm |
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Pectoralis Major
O I N A |
O = Med 2/3 of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 1-6
I = Lat lip of intertubercular groove (prox humerus) N = Med & Lat Pectoral n. (C7-8, T1 and C5-7) A = Adduct & Int rot arm Clavicular = Flex arm Sternal = Ext |
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Latissimus Dorsi
O I N A |
O = Spin proc T6-12, Lumbar and Sacrum, post iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia I = Med lip and floor of bicipital groove (prox humerus) N = Thoracodorsal n. (C6-8) A = Ext, Add, Int rot of arm With fixed UE, may raise trunk towards arm |
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Teres Major
O I N a |
O = Inferior angle of scapula
I = Med lip of intertubercular groove N = Lower Subscapular n. (C5-6) A = Add, Ext and Int rot of arm |
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Subclavius
O I N A |
O = 1st rib
I = Undersurface of clavicle N = Nerve to Subclavius (C5-6) A = Depress clavicle, stabilize SC joint |
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Coracobrachialis
O I N A |
O = Coracoid process
I = Middle 1/3 of medial humerus N = Musculocutaneous n. (C5-7) A = Flex and add of arm |
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Rotator cuff muscles
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Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis "SITS" muscle Individual actions Combined function = Stabilization |
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Supraspinatus Muscle
O I N A |
O = Supraspinatus fossa
I = Greater tubercle of humerus N = Suprascapular n. (C5-6) A = Abducts arm Stabilization of GH jt |
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Infraspinatus
O I N A |
O = Infraspinatus fossa
I = Greater tubercle of humerus Below supraspinatus N = Suprascapular n. (C5-6) A = Ext rot of arm Stabilization of GH jt |
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Teres Minor
O I N A |
O = Upper 2/3 of axillary border of scapula
I = Greater tubercle of humerus Below infraspinatus N = Axillary n. (C5-6) A = Ext rot of arm Stabilization of GH jt |
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Subscapularis
O I N A |
O = Subscapular fossa
I = Lesser tubercle of humerus N = Upper and Lower subscapular n. (C5-6) A = Int rot of arm Stabilization of GH jt |
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Scapulothoracic "articulation"
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Not true synovial joint
Attached to axial skeleton Indirectly via muscle attachments Via Acromio-Clavicular joint attachment Scapula → clavicle Clavicle → Sternum |
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The main function of the clavicle is:
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To guide scapular movement and allow free upper limb motion
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What things does pec minor cross
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Relationship of Pectoralis Minor to:
Axillary Artery Brachial Plexus Tension creates Thoracic Outlet syndrome |
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Borders and contents of the axilla
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Borders:
First Rib and Thoracic Wall Pectoralis Major and Minor Subscapularis, Teres Major, Latissimus Dorsi Humerus Contents: Brachial Plexus Axillary Artery Lymph Nodes Fat |
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Upper Extremity Blood Supply
“The journey of a drop of blood” |
Subclavian Artery
Axillary Artery Brachial Artery Ulnar Artery Radial Artery Palmar Arteries |
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Three main branches of subclavian artery
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3 MAIN BRANCHES
Vertebral Thyrocervical Trunk Transverse Cervical Dorsal Scapular Suprascapular Internal Thoracic |
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3 portions of axillary artery
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Part I
Between 1st rib and superior pec min Has 1 main branch Part II Under pec minor Has 2 main branches Part III Between inf pec minor and sup teres major Has 3 main branches |
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1st part of axillary artery
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Part I (between 1st rib and superior Pec Min)
One Branch Supreme Thoracic ("sixties" teens love sex and pot) |
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Part 2 of axillary artery
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Part II (under Pec Min)
2 Branches Thoracoacromial Trunk Lateral Thoracic "teens love" |
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3rd part of axillary artery
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Part III
Between inf Pec Min and Teres Major Three Branches Subscapular -Circumflex Scapular -Branch to Latissimus dorsi Anterior Circumflex Humeral Posterior Circumflex Humeral "sex and pot" |
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Borders and contents of triangular space
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Borders:
Teres Minor Long Head of Triceps Brachii Teres Major Contents: Circumflex Scapular Artery |
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Borders and contents of quadrangular/quadrilateral space
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Borders:
Teres Minor Long Head of Triceps Brachii Shaft of the Humerus Teres Major Contents: Axillary Nerve Posterior Circumflex Artery |
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Brachial artery
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Deep (Profunda) Brachial
Superior Ulnar Collateral Inferior Ulnar Collateral radial artery ulnar artery (bifurcates) |
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Radial artery
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Radial Recurrent
Carpal Arch Princeps Pollicis Deep Palmar Arch Superficial Palmar Arch |
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Ulnar artery
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Anterior Ulnar Recurrent
Posterior Ulnar Recurrent Common Interosseous -Anterior Interosseous -Posterior Interosseous Carpal Arch Deep Palmar Arch Superficial Palmar Arch |
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Venous system of the arm
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Deep
Same names as the arteries Superficial Cephalic Basilic - Median Antibrachial Median Cubital |
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Borders and contents of cubital fossa
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Borders:
Brachioradialis Pronator Teres Line between Humeral Epicondyles Contents: Medial Cubital Vein Biceps Tendon Brachial Artery Median Nerve |
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Divisions/segments of the brachial plexus
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Roots
Trunks Divisons Cords Nerves (real therapists drink corona? deeply care? real therapists don't coddle newts) |
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Nerve roots of the brachial plexus
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C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
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3 Trunks of brachial plexus
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superior, middle and inferior
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Division of the brachial plexus
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3 anterior divisions and 3 posterior divisions
(one of each from each trunk) |
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Cords of the brachial plexus
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lateral
posterior medial |
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Peripheral nerves of the brachial plexus
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Long Thoracic
-Serratus Anterior Dorsal Scapular -Rhomboids -Levator Scapulae Suprascapular -Supraspinatus -Infraspinatus Nerve to Subclavius -Subclavius Lateral Pectoral -Pectoralis Major Medial Pectoral -Pectoralis Major -Pectoralis Minor Upper Subscapular -Subscapularis Thoracodorsal -Latissimus Dorsi Lower Subscapular -Subscapularis -Teres Major Musculocutaneous -Biceps Brachii -Brachialis -Coracobrachialis Axillary -Deltoid -Teres Minor |
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Terminal branches (nerves) of the brachial plexus
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Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6,7)
Axillary nerve (C5,6) Radial nerve (C5-8, T1) Median nerve (C5-8, T1) Ulnar Nerve (C7,8, T1) |
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Median nerve
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Median Nerve
Combination of the Medial and Lateral Cords of the Brachial Plexus Innervates: Flexors of the Forearm Muscles of the Thenar Eminence of the Hand |
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Ulnar Nerve
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Ulnar Nerve
Continuation of the Medial Cord of the Brachial Plexus Innervates: Flexor Muscles of the Wrist Muscles of the Hypothenar Eminence of the Hand Ulnar Intrinsic muscles of the Hand |
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Radial Nerve
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Radial Nerve
Continuation of the Posterior Cord of the Brachial Plexus Innervates: Extensor Muscles of the Arm Extensor Muscles of the Wrist |
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Cutaneous innervation of the anterior shoulder and arm
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Supraclavicular (c3,4)
Lateral Brachial Cutaneous Upper (Axillary) (c5,6) Lower (Radial) Intercostobrachial (T2) Medial Brachial Cutaneous (T1, T2) Posterior Brachial Cutaneus (Radial) |
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Cutaneous innervation of the forearm
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Medial Antebrachial
Posterior Antebrachial (Radial) Lateral Antebrachial (Musculocutaneous) |
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Cutaneous innervation of the hand
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Ulnar - pinky and half of 4th
Radial - back half of thumb and dorsal surface of hand to half of ring finger and out to PIP joints Median - palm: half of thumb, 2,3, and half of 4, dorsal: underside of thumb and 2, 3, 1/2 4 up until PIPs |
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Branches off superior trunk of brachial plexus
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suprascapular (C5,6)
nerve to subclavius (C5,6) |
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Branches off posterior cord of brachial plexus
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Upper subscapular nerve (C5,6)
Thoracodorsal (middle subscapular) nerve (C6, 7, 8) Lower subscapular nerve (C5, 6) |
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Branches off medial cord of brachial plexus
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Medial Pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
Medial Brachial Cutaneous (T1) Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous (C8, T1) |