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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Federalists
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Followed Hamilton's ideas. Admired British society and government. Believed in a strong central government.
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Democratic Republicans
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Led by Thomas Jefferson. Believed that common people should have a part in running the government. Did not like the idea of a strong central government.
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Contributions of Alexander Hamilton.
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National Bank
Leader of the Federalist Party |
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Policy of Neutrality
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Not taking sides in political disagreements. The United States decided not to choose sides in European affairs.
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Elastic Clause/Implied Power
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Power of the federal government that is not directly stated in the Constitution. For example, the federal government's establishment of the national banking system is not stated in the constitution.
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Marbury v. Madison
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Supreme Court case that established the concept of judicial review.
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Nationalism
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A feeling of pride in one's country. After the War of 1812, the Americans began to feel a sense of unity as one nation.
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Louisiana Purchase
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An action in which the United States bought the land around the Mississippi River from France.
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Manifest Destiny
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Belief that God has given the right to do something. The Americans believed that they could expand towards the west because God had given them the right.
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Monroe Doctrine
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Policy that stated the United States would stay neutral with European affairs and that Europe couldn't interfere in American affairs. Also stopped the Europeans from further colonization in Americas.
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Annexation, Cession
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To add land.
Assignment of territory by one state or government to another. The territory of a foreign government gained by the transfer of sovereignty. |
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Sectionalism
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Loyalty to a region (State), rather than the nation (country). Slavery was a big issued that separated the North from the South.
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Missouri Compromise
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Agreement that allowed Maine to join the US as a free state, while Missouri joined as a slave state.
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Compromise of 1850
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California became part of the US as a free state. Also established tougher laws on runaway slaves.
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Fugitive Slave Law
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A law that required the return of runaway slaves to their owner.
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Kansas-Nebraska Act
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Went against the Missouri Compromise. Allowed popular sovereignty to determine the slave policy for the states of Kansas and Nebraska.
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Popular Sovereignty
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Individual people choose. The policy that the population has the power.
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Abolitionists
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Group of people who wanted to end slavery in the United States. Frederick Douglass was a famous African American who belonged to this group.
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Dred Scott v. Sanford
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Supreme Court case in which a slave sued his owner, claiming he was free because he had lived in a free state. The Supreme Court finally decided that slaves were not protected under the constitution.
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Election of 1860
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Abraham Lincoln wins due to the conflict of interest between states.
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Homestead Act
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The government was giving a lot of land to people for a low price. It encouraged people to move west.
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Mayflower Compact
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An agreement made by the Pilgrims that were going to the “new world” (American colony) in which they created a government.
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Mercantilism
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Economic system of establishing a balance of trade. Countries would take the raw material from their colonies instead of having to buy them from other countries. For example: England could get lumber from their colonies in the Americas instead of purchasing it from another country.
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House of Burgesses
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The first representative body in the American colonies that established rules and made laws.
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Townshend Act
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Laws that enforced taxes on the colonies for goods imported from Britain.
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Articles of Confederation
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The document that outlined the government of America.
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Stamp Act
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The first tax imposed on the colonists that required a “stamp” on certain documents and packages.
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Declaration of Independence
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The document written in 1776 that declared the colonies independent from Britain.
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Bill of Rights
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The first 10 amendments of the American Constitution which outlines the basic rights of the people.
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Common Sense by Thomas Paine
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A pamphlet that justified the reasons for the colonies to become independent from Great Britain.
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Boston Tea Party
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The colonist protest against the Tea Act by dumping tea into the Boston Harbor.
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Boston Massacre
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Boston colonists fight against British soldiers in which 5 colonists died.
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Loyalists
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Colonist who were loyal to Great Britain during the American Revolution.
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Patriots
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Colonists that supported independence from Great Britain.
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3/5’s compromise
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A compromise to establish the representation of states that each slave would count as three fifths of a person.
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Judicial
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Branch of government which interprets laws and the Constitution. Includes the Supreme Court.
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Legislative
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Branch of government which makes laws. This branch includes Congress (House of Representatives and Senate).
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Executive
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Branch of government that enforces the laws. This branch includes the President.
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Nullification
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A state considering a law unconstitutional by saying it has no force or power.
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Judicial Review
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Supreme Court’s power to declare something unconstitutional.
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Checks and Balances
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Prevents any branch of government from having too much power by establishing a system that each branch is “checked” by another.
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Ratification
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Approval of the Constitution, or an amendment, by the states.
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Emancipation Proclamation
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The declaration from President Abraham Lincoln which freed the slaves.
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Reconstruction
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The rebuilding of the South after the American Civil War.
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Seneca Falls Convention
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A women’s rights convention established by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott which called for the equality of women.
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Secession
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Withdrawal of a state from the Union. Leading up to the Civil War, Southern states threatened to separate and become a separate nation apart from America.
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