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16 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)

Total direct material Variance Formulas

1.standard cost - actual cost



2.(standard quantity units × standard price) - (actual quantity units × actual price)



3.price variance + usage variance

Sq x Sp minus Aq xAp

Material Price Variance

Actual quantity x (standard price - actual price)

Aq x (Sp-Ap)

Material Usage Variance

Standard price x(standard quantity for actual production - actual quantity)


Sp x (Sq-Aq)

Total Direct Labour Variance

1.standard labour cost - actual labour cost



2.(standard labour hours produced x standard rate) - (actual hours x actual rate)



3.rate + efficiency

Sh x Sr - Ah x Ar

Labour rate variance

Actual hours x (standard rate - actual rate)

Ah x (Sr - Ar)

Labour Efficiency Variance

Standard rate x (standard hours produced - actual hours)

Sr x (Shp-Ah)

Idle time variance

(Idle hours x standard rate)

Ih x Sr

Total Variable Overhead Variance

Variable overhead absorption rate x standard hours produced - actual variable overheads

VOAR x SHP - actual variable overheads

Variable overhead expenditure variance

Variable overhead absorption rate x actual hours x actual variable overheads

VOAR x actual hours - actual variable overheads

Variable overhead efficiency variance

Variable overhead absorption rate x (standard hours produced - actual hours

Total fixed overhead variances

Fixed overhead absorption rate x standard hours produced -actual fixed overhead s

Capacity variance

Fixed overhead absorption rate x actual hours - budgeted fixed overheads

Fixed efficiency variance

Fixed overhead absorption rate x standard hours produced - actual hours

Capacity+efficiency=volume variance


Volume+expenditure=total variance

Expenditure variance

Budgeted fixed overhead-actual fixed overhead

Sale price variances

Budgeted sales value-actual sales value

Sales volume variance

Standard profit/contribution x (actual quantity of sales- budgeted quantity of sales)