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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which are the four main vital signs? |
temp, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate - pain is now also considered a vital sign |
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What is the diurnal cycle? |
The cycle of the changes of ones body temp |
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Which method of measuring temp is the most accurate? |
Tympanic or rectal - rectal not often used due to intrusive nature of testing |
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Which factors impact ones core temperature? (4) |
- exercise - stress - menstruation -age |
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What does febrile mean? |
Core body temp higher than 37.5 |
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At what temp does hyperthermia occur? |
39 degrees |
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At what temp does hypothermia occur? |
25-35 degrees |
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What temp range is afebrile? |
35.8 - 37.5 |
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what are the four ways temp can be measured? |
- axilla (armpit) - tympanic (ear) - rectal -oral |
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What is bradycardia? |
A heart rate in an adult less than 60 bpm |
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What is cardiac disrhythmia? |
irregular heart rate |
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What is sinus arrhythmia? |
When the heart rate varies with the respiratory system. Speed up at inspiration - down on expiration |
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every time a heart beats how much blood is ejected? |
About 70mls |
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What is tachycardia? |
heart rate of higher than 100 bpm |
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What are the different force categories for heart rate? |
0 = absent 1+ = weak/thready 2+ = normal 3+ = bounding |
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What is a normal respiratory range |
10-20 breaths per minute |
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What is tachypnoea? |
Fast shallow breathing |
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What is bradypnoea? |
Abnormally slow breathing |
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What is apnoea? |
Cessation of breathing |
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What is hyperventilation? |
Rapid Deep Breathing |
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What is dyspneoa? |
laboured breathing |
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What is orthoponea? |
Postion dependent breathing |
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What is adventitious sound? |
Wheezing |
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What is blood pressure? |
The force of blood pushing against the side of its container (vessel wall) |
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What is the systolic pressure? |
the maximum pressure felt on the left ventricular contraction or systole |
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What is the diastolic blood pressure? |
the elastic recoil or resetting pressure that blood exerts constantly between each contraction. |
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What is the pulse pressure? |
the difference between systolic and diastolic and reflects the pulse pressure |
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What is the MAP |
mean arterial pressure - the pressure forcing blood into the tissues averaged over the cardiac cycle. |
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Which seven factors affect blood pressure? |
1. Age 2. Stress 3. Weight 4. Exercise 5. Emotions 6. Diurnal Rhythm 7. Gender |
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Which five factors determine bp? |
1. cardiac output 2. Peripheral vascular resistance 3. Volume of circulating blood 4. Viscosity of blood 5. Elasticity of vessel walls |
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What is the auscultatory gap? |
An auscultatory gap is a period of diminished or absent Korotkoff sounds during the manual measurement of blood pressure. |
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What is hypertension? |
A bp of 140/90 or higher |
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What is hypotension? |
A bp of 90/60 or less |
