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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the rule of succession to the office of caliph during the Abbasid dynasty?
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There was no accepted rule of succession.
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How did the Shi'i react to the later Abbasid dynasty?
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Shi'i revolts and assassination attempts plagued the dynasty.
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What was the result of the civil wars following the death of al-Rashid?
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Candidates for the throne recognized the need to build up personal armies, often of slave soldiers.
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Which of the following was not a cause of the collapse of the agricultural economy during the Abbasid Caliphate?
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decline of the cities leading to falling demand for food supplies
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What did the Abbasid creation of the harem imply?
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the increasing seclusion of women from public life
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What was the religious affiliation of the Seljuks?
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Sunni
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In what way was the conquest of Baghdad by the Seljuk Turks beneficial to Islam?
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The Turks restored the ability of the empire to meet the challenges of Fatimid Egypt and the Byzantine Empire.
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Who was Saladin?
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the commander responsible for the reconquest of the Crusader territories
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Which of the following statements concerning the Crusades is most accurate?
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The Crusaders were successful only because of the political fragmentation of Islam and the element of surprise.
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What was the nature of cultural exchange during the Crusades?
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The Crusaders adopted military techniques, words, scientific learning, and Arabic numerals among other things.
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What was the trend of urbanization during much of the Abbasid era?
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Despite political disintegration and a decline in the agricultural economy, towns continued to grow rapidly.
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In what language was the Shah-Nama written?
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Persian
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Which of the following was a literary figure during the Abbasid era?
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Omar Khayyam
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What was the movement within Islam that emphasized mysticism and charismatic worship?
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Sufism
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Who were the religious scholars within Islam that stressed a more conservative interpretation of the law and religious texts?
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ulama
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How did Islam and Hinduism differ?
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Islam stressed the egalitarianism of all believers, while Hinduism embraced a caste-based social system.
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What was the first region of India conquered by the Muslims in 711?
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Sind
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Islam did not expand in Southeastern Asia until after the fall of what largely Buddhist trading empire?
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Shrivijaya
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Many of the soldiers within the mercenary private armies common to the later Abbasid Empire were slaves.
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True
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Over a two-hundred-year period, Christian crusaders mounted nine crusades.
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False
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The title Sufi derived from the woolen robes worn by these wandering mystics.
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True
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Socially, Islam was more egalitarian than Hinduism.
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True
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The third Abbasid caliph, __________, attempted unsuccessfully to reconcile moderate Shi'is to the Abbasid dynasty.
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al-Mahdi
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The most famous of the Abbasid caliphs was __________, whose death led to civil wars over the succession.
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al-Rashid
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A regional splinter dynasty of the mid-tenth century, the __________ invaded and captured Baghdad and took the title of sultan.
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Buyids
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The __________ Turks were nomadic invaders from Central Asia who ruled in the name of the Abbasid caliphs from the mid-eleventh century.
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Seljuk
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Christian knights invaded Palestine during the __________ and temporarily established small Christian kingdoms.
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Crusades
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The Muslim commander who reconquered the Christian enclaves in Palestine was __________.
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Saladin
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Written by Firdawsi, the __________ related Persian history from the creation to the Islamic conquests.
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Shah-Nama
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The __________ were Islamic mystics who were largely responsible for the conversion of southeast Asia.
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Sufis
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The __________ were orthodox religious scholars within Islam who pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology.
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ulama
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A brilliant Islamic theologian, __________ attempted to fuse Greek and Quranic traditions.
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al-Ghazali
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The __________ were central Asian nomads who captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed the last Abbasid caliph.
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Mongols
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The great war commander of the Mongols was __________.
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Chinggis Khan
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The Arab general who conquered Sind and added it to the Umayyad Empire was __________.
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Muhammad ibn Qasim
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The Indian system of mathematical notation was known as __________ and was utilized in two scientific revolutions.
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Arabic numerals
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The ruler who repeatedly raided northwest India in the early 11th century was Mahmud of __________.
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Ghazni
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The ruler who established an independent Muslim kingdom with its capital at Delhi was __________.
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Qutb-ud-din Aibak
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__________ was the Indian ritual that required the immolation of the living widows of deceased males.
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Sati
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In response to the Islamic challenge, Hindus placed greater emphasis on __________ cults that stressed the importance of strong emotional bonds between devotees and gods or goddesses.
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bhaktic
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The fifteenth-century Muslim mystic who attempted to play down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam was __________.
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Kabir
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__________ was a Buddhist trading empire that controlled trade through the Malacca Straits between Malaya and Sumatra.
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Shrivijaya
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The most powerful trading city on the mainland of Malaya was __________.
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Malacca
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The most powerful trading state on the north of Java was __________ from where Islam was disseminated to other ports.
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Demak
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African societies organized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power were __________ societies.
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stateless
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__________ was the Arabic word for eastern North Africa.
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Ifriqiya
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__________ was the Arabic word for western North Africa.
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Maghrib
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The __________ were the first Berber puritanical reform movement that moved southward against African kingdoms of the savanna.
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Almoravids
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The __________ were the second Berber puritanical reform movement that penetrated into sub-Saharan Africa.
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Almohadis
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