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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is wisdom?
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Experiential knowledge that allows you to change for the better
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You can never change for the better until:
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You can accept that there is change and accomodate for it. Ex: trying to swim up stream
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Karma
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actions, deeds
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Purusha tales
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Collection of stories
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why did we receive the gift of life?
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Sacrifice- a cosmic being in the Purusha tales sacrificed his body to make the different parts of the world
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What should you sacrifice?
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Depends on social hierarchy- priests have to sacrifice one thing while workers have to sacrifice another
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Dharma
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Duty, social obligation
is similar to Li in Confucianism |
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What two societies combined to create the earliest forms of Hinduism?
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The Dravidian people who lived in cities along the Indus river in modern day Pakistan and Northwest Indian and the Aryans who moved in and started intermixing with them
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Shruti
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reference to revealed knowledge and also expands on the theological implications of the accounts and rituals revealed in the Vedas
Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upanishads |
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The Vedas
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(meaning knowledge or wisdom) Sacred oral traditions brought by migrating Aryans
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Rig-Veda
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stories of the gods (most accessible)
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Sama-Veda
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chants used by priests in soma sacrifices
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Yajur-Veda
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litanies and prayers used in devotions
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Atharva-Veda
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charms and spells for use by ordinary people
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Smriti
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"remembered" and thus less authoritative
include: Laws of Manu (how to live as a Hindu) |
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Epic poems
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Mahabharata and Ramayana (comparable to Homer's Iliad and Odyssey)
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Agni
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the god of fire (a central element in ritual sacrifice)
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Indra
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warrior god who slays demons and protects human beings and gods
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Soma
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the sacred drink
people though it was a mushroom and entheogen or amphetamine The texts describe a greenish gold tinted plant that was pressed Contemporary scholarship says that it is ephedra Used by early Hindus and Zoroastrians Probably a combination of Ephedra Sinica and Amanita Muscaria |
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Varuna
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the god of truth
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Mitra
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the god of contracts or agreements
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Caste
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particular social standing into which one is born, according to one's karma in prior lives
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Brahmin
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priestly class
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Kshatriya
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the Hindu caste of rulers, warriors, and administrators
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Vaishya
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the third Hindu caste, that of merchants and artisans
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Shudras
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the fourth Hindu caste, that of laborers
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Can you move from one caste to another?
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At the beginning of this religion it was possible but then you were stuck there as the religion grew
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biological self
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jiva- material, sensations
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happiness
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get things, know people (get more friends and also sex), go places
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thought
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consciousness, reflection, awareness
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upanishads
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psychological, three components:
1) Thought 2) Will 3) Feelings |
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will
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decisions, preferences,
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feelings
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emotions, desires, passions
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yoga
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union, discipline, yoke
essentially religion Jiva and Atman in harmony |
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Bhakti yoga
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devotion, love
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Karma yoga
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work
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Jnana yoga
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wisdom
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Raja yoga
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royal- exercises, techniques (postures, breathing exercises)
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Perennial philosophy
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Christianity, Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism all look different on the outside (exoteric) but deep down (esoteric) they are all the same
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Mahavira
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credited as being the founder
contemporary of the historical Buddha known as the 24th Tirthankara or ford/raft-builder is a Jina- spiritual conqueror |
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Ahimsa
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non violence
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Jiva
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living thing, soul or life force
one's individual soul that survives death and is reborn can become weighed down or mired in ajiva and this hinders liberation |
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Ajiva
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inanimate object, lifeless inert matter or energy
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Karma (Jainism)
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material substance (similar to Qi)
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Dharma (Jainism)
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natural state of something
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4 realms
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Earth
below to 7 hell realms up to many heavenly realms Achieve 4th realm by following the path of the 3 gems |
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Shvetambaras
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Jains who wear clothes and believe women can attain liberation
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Digambaras
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Jains who go "skyclad" and believe that women must be reborn as men before they can attain liberation
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right view
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determination to find out the true essence of reality
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right knowledge
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the relativity of truth claims
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right conduct
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5 vows
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what are the 5 vows?
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non-violence
non-stealing truthfulness control of the senses non-possessiveness |
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Santhara
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an extreme form of karmic cleansing
ritual starvation must get permission to engage in this from leaders in community Mahavira was one of the first to do it |
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Sikh
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disciple
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How many Sikh followers?
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26 million, 5th largest religion
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Central Sikh teachings
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God is one, monotheistic, omnipresent, infinite, creator
Not ascetic like Jains No crucial rites like Vedic rituals No mandatory pilgrimage site like Mecca Panentheism Belief in karma and samsara Originally accepted caste system until 10th guru, Gobind Singh Maya=illusion of worldly values Devotion must be inward and from the heart |
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Pantheism
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all is God/ nature is God
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Panentheism
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All is within God
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Waheguru
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wonderful lord
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nam
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sacred syllable recitation, mantras
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3 pillars
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chant the name of God: Waheguru
Be a householder Share wealth (time, money, crops) with the community |
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5 evils
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lust, wrath, greed, attachment, and ego
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Guru Granth Sahib
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the perpetual guru
the sacred scripture? |
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5 K's
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Kesh= long, uncut hair on head and chin
Kangha= small comb Kach= short pants Kara= steel bracelet Kirpan= sword |
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Nirguna
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without attributes
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Siddhartha Guatama
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first awakened Buddha, born 563 BCE
prince of a kingdom age 29 saw the four passing sights: old age, sickness, death, and a wandering monk wanted to end suffering |
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Theravada
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first of 3 turnings of the wheel of dharma
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3 marks of existence
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impermanence, suffering, and no soul or self
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Core of buddhism
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4 noble truths, 8fold path and 3 marks of existence
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Pure Land Buddhism
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the most popular form of Buddhism, place devotion on Amitabha Buddha- uses grace to help bring an individual to a heavenly realm after death
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3 turnings
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1. The 4 noble truths and the eightfold path
2. radical emptiness- Madhyamaka school of Nagarjuna 3. The Storehouse Consciousness of Yogacara Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism |
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Sunyata
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emptiness
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deity yoga
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meditation on the yidam
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guru yoga
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uniting of the mindstreams
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death yoga
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mastering the Bardo states
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storehouse consciousness
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keeps a record of everything that ever happens so that you aren't forgotten (since Buddhas don't believe in souls)
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Tummo
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the yoga of inner heat/fire
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Gyulu
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the yoga of the illusory body
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Osel
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The yoga of the clear light
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Milam
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dream yoga
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Bardo
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the yoga of the intermediate state
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Phowa
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the yoga of transference of consciousness to a pure Buddhafield
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Dzogchen
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dwelling in a state of complete emptiness
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Rigpa
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the innermost nature of the mind
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lucid dreaming
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a dream in which one becomes aware that one is dreaming
-dream journals -Reality Checking -Wake initiated lucid dreaming |
