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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Chardonnay wines tend to be _____-bodied, with a _____ texture.
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Full-bodied with a weighty, creamy texture.
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The best Chardonnays age well developing... |
... a honeyed, nutty, savoury complexity.
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Why is Chardonnay an unusual grape variety? |
Can make attractive wines in regions of varying climates. Style varies greatly depending on where grown |
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Cool climate / region affect on taste of Chardonnay? |
Offer: green fruit (apple, pear) citrus occasional vegetable notes (cucumber) |
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Moderate climate / region affect on taste of Chardonnay?
e.g. Cotes de Beaune and some premium New World regions |
Offer: white stone fruit (peach) citrus notes hints of melon |
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Hot climate / region affect on taste of Chardonnay?
e.g. New World |
Offer: More tropical fruit notes (peach, banana and pineapple, and even mango and fig) |
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Flavours in Chardonnay - from grape or wine making techniques? |
Wine making techniques |
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What are lees, and their effect during ageing process? |
Dead yeast cells left behind after fermentation has finished; stirred through wine and aged to add creamy texture and savoury flavours |
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Effect of fermenting in oak? |
Toast, vanilla , and coconut flavours |
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Effect of malolactic fermentation? |
Dairy (butter, cream) flavours |
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Where does Chardonnay find its "highest" expression?
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Burgundy (Bourgogne; in eastern France)
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3 main Chardonnay regions in France and their climate?
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1. Chablis - cool climate
2. Cote d'Or - heart of Burgundy, moderate climate; southern half known as Cote de Beaune 3. Maconnais - most southern district |
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Describe Chablis
(Cool climate) |
Bone-dry with high acidity, quite austere
Green fruit and citrus notes Many have smoky, flinty, mineral signature No oak flavours |
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What are the most famous Cote d'Or/Cote de Beaune villages?
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1. Meursault
2. Puligny-Montrachet |
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Describe Cote de Beaune wines
Hint: actually a mix of moderate and hot climate characteristics |
Complex and full bodied (from fermenting in small oak barrels and ageing on the lees)
Offer complex succession of diff flavours: citrus, white stone and tropical fruit, oak, spice and savoury notes. |
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Is Maconnais a premium or large volume Chardonnay production area?
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Source of large volumes of moderately priced, light, fruity (melon, citrus) Chardonnay w/little or no oak. Sold as Macon.
No Grand Cru vineyards. |
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What region are Pouilly-Fuisse Chardonnays from? Describe them.
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1. Maconnais
2. Full-bodied w/ tropical fruit (pineapple, melon) and oak flavours |
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What are the main regions for premium Chardonnay in Australia?
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South Eastern Australia:
1. Yarra Valley |
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What is the classic Australian Chardonnay style?
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Pronounced fruit (fresh citrus and melon) and
Well-integrated oak flavours Unoaked versions becoming more common |
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Main regions for premium Chardonnay in New Zealand?
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Marlborough, South Island
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What are the main regions for premium Chardonnay in California, US?
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California:
1. Sonoma County 2. Los Carneros |
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What are the main regions for premium Chardonnay in Chile?
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1. Casablanca Valley north of Santiago
2. Central Valley |
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What is the main region for premium Chardonnay in Argentina?
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Mendoza
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What is the main region for premium Chardonnay in South Africa?
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Walker Bay - cooler coastal part
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How are large-volume Chardonnays made?
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Fermented, blended, and stored in stainless steel vats until ready for packaging; oak flavours often added in staves or chips
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The finest Chardonnay still wines are unblended. T/F?
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True
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4 grape types often blended with Chardonnay for high volume market?
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1. Semillion 2. Colombard 3. Chenin Blanc 4. Viognier |
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Chardonnay wines labelled Bourgogne are from which region? |
Burgundy, France (White Burgundy) Bourgogne is French for Burgundy |
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How are complexity and body added to Cotes Du Beaune Chardonnays? |
Fermented in small oak barrels and ageing them in contact with yeast left over from fermentation (on the lees). |
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Best dry white wines in world are judged to be from Montrachet or Meursault vineyard? |
Le Montrachet. And have price tags to match! |
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What creates toast, vanilla and coconut flavours in Chardonnay? |
Oak treatment |
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What creates creamy texture and savoury flavours in Chardonnay? |
Ageing on the lees (dead yeast cells left behind after fermentation are stirred through wine) |
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Where do dairy (butter, cream) flavours come from in Chardonnay?
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Side-product of malolactic fermentation, which is sometimes used to soften harsh acids
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Cotes de Nuits + Cotes De Beaune = |
Cote D'Or. Which brings us nicely to Pinot Noir... |