Italian popes

greatness, however one humble Italian man had a different way of thinking that would not only blaze the trail of the Renaissance but also restore glory to the true Rome. Francesco Petrarca was from a Florentine family that was exiled to France for the majority of his youth. Having grown up under the unique circumstance…

the way preachers were emphasized giving money to the church rather than focusing on emphasizing faith. Martin Luther wrote a complaint to Pope Leo about this abuse and challenged all of the preachers to a debate over the theology of indulgences. This dispute was a contest between the two strong willed men and it largely ignored the theological objections. Pope Leo regarded the letter as a challenge…

of European politics by the actions of Pope Gregory VII, who attempted to dispose of Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV and set an example of papal power. Rome’s political influence reached its peak under the guidance of Pope Innocent III who played Kingmaker and pitted the great armies of Europe against each other with mere declarations of faith. As often happens…

3rd Pantheon to replace Marcus Agrippa’s Pantheon. Apollodorus of Damascus was the architect. It took a decade to build the Pantheon. The Pantheon was also built to honor all gods. During the Renaissance, the Pantheon was used as a tomb for the Italian kings Vittorio Emanuele II and Umberto I, and for the famous painter Raphael. The Pantheon became a christian church to save it from destruction. It is now dedicated…

of the Roman Empire in the West (5th century) to the fall of Constantinople (1453), or;2 more narrowly, from c. 1100 to 1453. Hundred Years’ War, Bubonic “Black” Plague, Treaty of Verdun are three of the most important events. Charles Martel, Pope Leo III, Pope Urban II are three of the most important people. What are the 3 most important events and people of the Middle Ages? The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet, rulers of the…

Although the reconstruction of post war Europe has been examined extensively by historians, relatively little attention has been given to the Catholic Church’s influence before, during, and after the war. Through his book, The Lonely Cold War of Pope Pius XII, University of New Brunswick professor Peter C. Kent attempts to remedy this discrepancy by examining the post war period through the lens of the Catholic Church. Kent’s investigation delves into the diplomatic relationships between the…

The fourteenth century in Europe was a time of calamity and disorder for the medieval system. At this time, the cultured High Middle Ages had come to an end and the “crisis of the fourteenth century” was beginning. This ‘crisis’ included the multitude of factors which greatly contributed to the dissolution of the medieval way of life. Originating around Italy, various types of embroilment made their way across Europe, leading to unrest and changes in thinking. The ultimate fall of medieval…

The Renaissance would be the product of a number of causes which spurred an end to the toleration of the Roman Catholic Church in the 1520s. As a result, Europe would experience some of its biggest and bloodiest conflicts in history until the 1900s. During the 15th and early 16th centuries--before the Reformation would begin--the development of humanism into the European world, as well as the rediscovery of ancient Greek Classics--especially after the 1453 sack of Constantinople--would cause…

A good example of this would be the Medieval Inquisition, which occurred from 1487-1834, mainly in Italy. During the Medieval Inquisition, in an attempt to “purify” the church, priests would travel throughout small Italian towns and call a town meeting. These meetings were labeled as optional, but it would create suspicious towards your loyalty to the Catholic Church if you did not attend. During these meetings, the priests would give the townsfolk an opportunity to…

an 116,348 square mile country located in Europe. The country is mainly mountainous with the climate varying depending on the region. The population of Italy is 61 million with a majority being ethnic Italians. Different cities speak different dialects, but the official language of Italy is Italian. The people take pride in their appearance, family, education, and religion (CultureGram, 2013). Religion Christians mainly dominate Italy with eighty percent practicing the religion, most of…