Lithium pharmacology

readers a taste of what it’s like to have a psychological disorder. Finally, after being too tired to fight the nurses, she accepts her medication, lithium, a mood stabilizer. It made her better, curbing her manic episodes. These pills made her functional. This type of treatment is called a biological treatment. The author goes on to discuss the history of lithium. John Cade was the first to discover the psychological use of lithium. Cade was the first psychologist to shift from the Freudian explanation for a more biological perspective. In 2000, Jamie…

up and leaving, to condensing myself into a digestible version because people don't have much time to get to know me” (Chris Martins, “Halsey On Being Bipolar”). As a result Ashley had attended six schools by the time she was a teenager. Growing up with financial problems and always moving left her unhappy. She also felt bullied and misunderstood at her high school which definitely affected her mental state for the worse. She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder around the age of 17. Ashley…

Hundreds of thousands of people die each year from suicide. The World Health Organization reports that the exact statistic claims there are more than 800,000 people who commit suicide annually ("Suicide"). This alarming number calls upon each individual to answer in a resounding voice that reduces the number of suicide deaths. Although, there is not one, concrete explanation on how to best prevent suicide, which is why all theories must be taken into consideration then applied where necessary.…

anodes (372 mAh g-1).7–11 However, low electrical conductivity, huge capacity fading, poor durability due to the volume change and reduced crystallinity through the so-call conversion reaction mechanism of their use as LIB electrode material with prolonged cycling have impeded their applications.7,12 In recent years, new electrode materials for rechargeable LIBs have undergone a drastic shift toward to nanomaterials.13–20 Bulk material are generally considered to possess sluggish lithium ion and…

1. Mission Statement ### is a company that offer unique and innovative backpacks with built-in lightweight ion lithium battery inside. The mission of our company is to provide high quality energy backpack and connect you to your power sources anywhere and anytime. As a green company, we use recyclable materials for our products to reduce the use of hazardous materials that can damage the environment. ### comes in different sizes for different purposes. Our main target is college students and…

Introduction: Some organizations grow big with time, most of them grow with time because it always takes time to develop an organizational structure and establish a permanent industrial setup, but some industries just grow within a couple of decades. Tesla is one of them. Like all the big business firms and industries, it took only 19 years to compete with the local and international market demands and made a strong position among all the fellow competitors. The company came into existence in…

All sorts of electronics - cell phones, laptops, digital cameras, etc. - are ever-present in today’s society. Nowadays, these electronics are powered from Lithium-ion batteries. The major processes throughout the lithium life cycle can be divided into five stages: resource mining, chemical production, product manufacture, product use and waste management (Sun et al., 2017). Lithium is extracted from two sources - ore and salt brines - and the lithium minerals are then transformed into basic…

When using most small electronics, the life of the battery is the last thing to worry about, but this is a serious issue that hasn’t been effectively solved. A battery is only a temporary device which often raises the question of where to dispose of them. Batteries are meant to be recycled, but without a label stating otherwise, batteries are commonly thrown in the garbage. For example, in California, there were approximately five-hundred million batteries sold in 2001, but less than one…

be seen in the emerging technology sector, with new technologies to replace the old. For example, phone manufacturers like Apple and Samsung release newer versions of smartphones every year, not only creating new demand but as a result, make older phone models obsolete. This can be seen as a benefit to the economy by creating new demand and increasing consumer spending. However there are negative effects to this, new technologies often enter the market with little to no supervision. This can…

Nearly every battery in a phone, laptop or electric car is lithium based. The element lithium is a difficult substance to harvest. It must be evaporated from brine which is found in salt lakes. This brine is pumped from underground to the surface then allowed to evaporate in large pans before being separated by electrolysis. From there the lithium metal oxide is taken to a factory where it is made into battery cells [6]. At the factory the anode and cathode materials are separated for production…