Proton

“Matter, though divisible in an extreme degree, is nevertheless not infinitely divisible. That is, there must be some point beyond which we cannot go in the division of matter… I have chosen the word “atom” to signify these ultimate particles.” – John Dalton. John Dalton is a British chemist who was born in September 6, 1766 in Eaglesfield, England and died on July 26, 1844 in Manchester, England. At the age of 12, he started teaching at a Quaker school in Cumberland. Dalton worked as a farmhand…

One of my favorite philosophers in Sophie's World was Democritus. Democritus discovered atoms, tiny invisible blocks he thought that everything was made of; eternal and immutable. Democritus was also a materialist, someone who believes that nothing exists but physical matter. The philosopher, Alberto Knox, has asked Sophie “Why is Lego the most ingenious toy in the world?” The next day, he sends her a green packet talking about Democritus. Lego blocks are a great deal like atoms. Democritus…

Circular Dichroism (CD) fundamentals. CD is defined as the difference between absorptions of left (Al) and right (Ar) circularly polarized light beams, CD=Al-Ar For each absorption band, the CD of two enantiomers are always exactly opposite. Theory. For each electronic transition one can define an electric (µij≠0) and a magnetic (mij≠0) transition dipole. Both can lead to absorption of radiation, the intensity of which is directly related to the oscillator strength f, fij≈| µij |2+ | mij |2 In…

The purpose of this paper is to find out what material is the gold crown ring made out of. What is interesting about this topic is that there is a lot of ways to study the gold crown ring. For example, you can test the mass, volume, and density of the ring. In the periodic table Au is the symbol for Gold, it’s atomic number is 79. The Properties of Matter are Mass, Weight, Volume, and Length. Each property has its own way of working with different types of things. It is believed that the…

In this Beanium lab, the objective was to make sense of the numbers used to calculate average atomic mass. By separating, counting, and weighing beans we were able to create the numbers used to calculate the weight of one bean. From there, we could use the total number of beans to produce the percent abundance for each type of bean. These were the numbers that we had to produce in order to understand how and why there are many types of isotopes for each element. In doing this lab, we can think…

charged electrons. Here, the electrons represents the plume in the pudding of positive charge. Hence his model was known as plum pudding model. It was also known as watermelon model where the positive charge was the flesh of the watermelon and the electrons were the sects. a) J.J. Thomson who discovered the electron in 1897, proposed the plum pudding model of the atom in 1904 before the discovery of the atomic nucleus in order to include the electron in the atomic model. b) In Thomson’s model,…

In the chapter “Democritus, Sophie is asked “Why is Lego the most ingenious toy in the world?”(Gaarder 44). This question then leads to the philosopher, Democritus, who is known for the atom theory. Alike the structure of legos, he believed all atoms that made up the universe were “eternal, immutable, and indivisible”(Gaarder 45). Furthermore, Democritus believed all atoms were firm and solid and were all different. Since they were all different, he thought they could join together and form all…

1. Is mercury an appropriate target for AGI? Why or why not? Please clearly cite examples for your reasons. (10 points) There are many reasons that mercury is an appropriate target for AGI. • Both companies are in the same industry of footwear products. • First off the two companies have differentiating strategies and markets that they sell to. AGI will be adding a new market to their company goals and increasing their revenue streams. • AGI strives in the casual footwear segment with a…

The noble gases are the group of elements which are like no other elements. The noble gases are the elements grouped as the last group, group 18. These elements, from smallest to greatest atomic mass, are Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, and Radon. Group 18 wasn't always called the noble gases. this group used to be called the inert gassses. They changed the name of thisi group because they are not always inert, or chemically inactive. the first element in this group is the element…

Key Idea I The arrangement of electrons is distributed between four orbital’s; S, P, D and F. Each orbital is a different shape and holds a different number of electrons. Orbital S is a circle and it contains two electrons and orbital P has three different shells. One shell is an infinity sign, the next is a crooked infinity sign and the last is shaped like an upright infinity sign. Each shell can hold two electrons which allow orbital P to hold six electrons, orbital D can hold ten electrons,…