Working memory

Cognitive Control Advantages in Elderly Bilinguals: Uncovering the Truth By: Sara Quinn-Hogan Cognitive control refers to the management of cognitive processes such as task flexibility, working memory, reasoning, planning, and problem solving. Some interesting findings have been reported suggesting that bilinguals have an advantage in cognitive control over monolinguals, and that this advantage persists into old age and might even slow cognitive decline. Since the population is aging and over…

1. Define and describe the three stages of Design Psychology 1) The first stage, low-level property extraction. This stage consists of detection of shape, spatial attributes, orientation, color, texture, movement and often called “preattentive” processing. Important characteristics of Stage 1 processing include: • Rapid parallel processing • Extraction of features, orientation, color, texture, and movement patterns • Transitory nature of information, which is briefly held in an iconic store •…

The effect you’ve had on my cognitive growth has been a lot both for the good, and the bad. You taught me everything, you both did. Everyone thought I was going to fall behind, but we showed them and I was doing more than most babies my age except for the walking part. You guys made me so smart I almost failed out of kindergarten. I never had to study in high school either so I had to accommodate my schema for learning new things in college, which I assimilate with my college courses now, and…

Introduction Lord Stanhope’s letter illustrates the longstanding concerns about multitasking. Even the earliest education journals studied the issue of distractibility and spreading attention too thinly (Bailey, 1889; Denio, 1897; Henderson, Crews, & Barlow, 1945; Poyntz, 1933). With digital technology, not only has the issue persisted, there are concerns that the impact on learning is even greater than before (Bowman, Levine, Waite, & Gendron, 2010; Fox, Rosen, & Crawford, 2009; Levine, Waite,…

Introduction In spite of the nebulousness inherent in determining and measuring expertise, crowdsourcing systems in research and practice that seek to acquire distributed knowledge (e.g. citizen science) indicate a preference for expert contributors. To ensure information quality (IQ), consumers – users of data acquired from such crowdsourcing projects – implement gatekeeping strategies that vary in degree of subtleness and intentionality. These gatekeeping strategies stem from the underlying…

Dylen is a friendly, sweet cooperative and sensitive student. Dylen likes to interact with his peers and dance. One of Dylen’s greatest strengths is expressing his feelings and emotions. In sessions, Dylen is able to articulate the factors that caused his current feeling. He enjoys sharing stories about his family and classroom experiences. Occasionally, Dylen will over talk the counselor and the other group member when he is excited to share or disclose information. However, Dylen has increased…

Early acquisition of vocabulary, and the development of linguistic and communicative competence have been largely associated with the input children get from their environment. The social world, home environment, and routines children are exposed to provide the input they need in order to become competent speakers. Even when the child is in utero, the spoken language outside of the womb affects children’s sensitivity to certain sounds. Consistent with this idea, there is evidence showing that…

SEL interventions for children in middle childhood begin to emphasize supporting children’s development of advanced interpersonal skills and self-control, rather than the more fundamental skill building focus of SEL programs in early childhood (Coelho & Sousa, 2017). It is important for children to have the competency to develop and maintain healthy relationships at school, as these are protective against substance abuse, aggressive behaviors, and both internalizing and externalizing disorders…

performance especially working memory. Many college students read, do homework or prepare for exams while listening to music. Background music is an important environmental factor in our learning context that may have impact on our attention span and later recall of information. However, whether background music serves as a distractor or enhancer on memory remain an open question. Some studies suggest that long-term music training positively related to improvements in working memory.…

Cognitive psychology is a branch of psychology with mental processes such as perception, thinking, learning, and memory. The first recognition of the field of cognitive psychology was George Mandler, in 1964 upon creating a facility known as the Center for Human Information Processing (Kiderra, 2016). The “cognitive revolution” fifty years ago sparked new ideas about the way people thought about the mind. Without cognitive psychology, psychologists would still believe the brain was a random mass…