Also, fundamental is a bluff convincing emotional and / or logical manner of presentation, as well as an abundance of details. Still, let's see how the bluff is ethical? And whether it is ethical at all? And we start with an article by the American economist Albert Carr, which was published in 1968 in the January - February issue of Harvard Business Review, «Is Business Bluffing Ethical?”. In his article A. Carr compares the bluff in business with the game of poker. According to him, and in fact, and in another case, deception is not a lie, because the players know in advance that the complete openness of the partners can not wait. Indeed, in both cases, the winner is the one who best knows the art of bluffing. To win requires participants to a thorough knowledge of the rules iron endurance, ability to penetrate deeply into the psychology of the partners, as well as the ability to quickly and effectively analyse the psychology of the partners and the ability to take advantage of available opportunities, which are called case. Also, in his article, the author writes that the ethics of poker is different from the ethical ideals of civilized human relations, after the game encourages testing of distrust ignoring …show more content…
Proponents of the theory of utilitarian ethics confident that deception is bad, because a lie leads to a reduction of social welfare. After all, when a person is lying, it automatically reduces the level of confidence of its business partners to yourself. As a result, the lower the level of trust, the fewer people want to cooperate with him, and it entails not only decrease the authority of man in society, and the decline in revenues and its business as a whole. Theorists are confident that the only honest cooperation can strengthen and even increase the prestige of the company and its employees, thus bringing us good income. Indeed, in their opinion, the best rule of business is to say the truth and to refrain from lying. However, proponents of the theory of utilitarianism believe that the theory includes two incompatible morally categories: justice and rights. They believe that in terms of utilitarian ethics is morally wrong things, such as deception and bluffing is not always wrong, because they do not necessarily violate human rights and morality. From the point of view of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant lies