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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Extent of the small intestine |
From the pylorus of the stomach to the ileocecal junction |
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The small intestine is divided into |
Duodenum, jejunum and ileum |
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Average length of small intestine in adult male and female |
Male-6.9m Female-7.1m |
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Diameter of small intestine |
2.5-3 cm |
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Difference BTW small intestine and large intestine |
Absence of tenia coli, haustrations and appendices epiploic |
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Variation of small intestine of small intestine small intestine |
4.6 - 9.8 m |
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Most fixed part of the small intestine is |
Duodenum |
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Shortest and widest part of small intestine |
Duodenum |
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Extent of duodenum |
Pyloric end of stomach to duodenojejunal flexure |
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Length and shape of duodenum |
C- shaped and 25 cm |
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The duodenum is composed of how many part |
4 |
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Length of the superior part of duodenum |
5cm long |
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Length of descending part |
7.5 cm |
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Length of horizontal part |
10 cm |
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Length of ascending part |
2.5cm |
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Relation of superior part of duodenum |
Anterolateral to the body of L1 vertebrae |
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The most common site of duodenal ulcer |
Superior part of duodenum |
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Ligament connecting duodenum to liver is called |
Hepatoduodenal ligament |
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Duodenum lies retro peritoneal except at |
The two ends of the duodenum |
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Peritoneal Relations of the superior part of duodenum |
Peritoneal relations 1.Proximal 2.5 cm is movable, it is attached to the lesser omentum above and to the greater omentum below 2. Distal 2.5cm is fixed and retro peritoneal and covered with peritoneum anteriorly only |
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Visceral relations of superior part of duodenum |
Visceral relations1. Anteriorly: quadrate lobe of liver and gall bladder2. Posteriorly: gastroduodenal artery, bile duct, portal vein and inferior vena cava3. Superiorly: epiploic foramen4. Inferiorly: head and neck of pancreas |
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Relation of the descending part of duodenum |
Along the right side of L1-L3 vertebrae |
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Most fixed part of duodenum |
Descending part of duodenum |
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Extent of the descending part of duodenum |
Superior duodenal flexure to inferior duodenal flexure |
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Extent of horizontal part of duodenum |
Inferior duodenal flexure to anterior of abdominal aorta |
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Anterior relation of the horizontal part of duodenum |
Superior mesenteric vessel |
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Shortest part of duodenum |
Ascending part of duodenum |
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Extent of ascending part of duodenum |
In front of duodenum to duodenojejunal flexure |
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What is another name for suspensory muscle of ascending |
Ligament of Treitz |
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What is the ligament of Treitz? |
It is a fiber of muscular band that extends from the Rights crus of diaphragm behind the pancreas to the duodeno jejunal flexure |
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Reason for suspensory muscle of duodenum |
Contraction of this muscle widens the angle of the flexure and aids movement of intestinal contents into the jejunum. |
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Most distinguishing feature of duodenum |
Brunner/ duodenal gland |
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What is a mesentery |
Double layer of peritoneum |
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Is Jejunum and ileum a retro peritoneal or intraperitoneal organ |
Intraperitoneal |
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What marks the division BTW duodenum and jejunum |
Suspensory muscle of duodenum |
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Length of jejunum |
2.5 m long |
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Characteristic of jejunum |
Plicae circulated and leaf like villi which increases surface area |
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Function of ileocecal valve |
Prevent reflux of material from cacum to ileum |
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Length of ileum |
3m |
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Longest section of small intestine |
Ileum |
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Characteristic of ileum |
Fewer villi which are short and broad tipped (club like), relatively abundant goblet cells, absorbs mainly vitamin B12 and bile acid |
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Blood supply of small intestine |
Proximal to major duodenal papilla - gastroduodenal artery branch of coeliac trunk Distal to major duodenal papilla- inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery(SMA) |
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Extent of the large intestine |
Ileocecal junction to anal orifice |
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Length of large intestine |
1.5 meters |
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Features of large intestine |
Taenia coli, haustrations, appendices epiploicae |
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Length of appendix |
6-10 cm |
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Description of appendix |
Blind end intestinal diverticulum that contain mass of lymphoid tissue, 5 mm in diameter, narrowest part of GI tract, longer in children than adult |
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Description of appendix |
Blind end intestinal diverticulum that contain mass of lymphoid tissue, 5 mm in diameter, narrowest part of GI tract, longer in children than adult |
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Surface marking of appendix |
Mc Burney's point |
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Describe Mc Burney's point |
Lateral 1/3 and medial 2/3 of line joining the ASIS and umbilicus |
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Position of appendix |
Right iliac fossa with the base fixed to caecum and tip pointing in different direction |
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Position of appendix |
Retrocecal(12'0 clock) position: commonest Splenic( 2'0 clock) position: could be preileal or post ileal Horizontal (3'0 clock) towards sacral promontory Pelvic (4'0clock) may lie close to right ovary or fallopian tube Subcaecal/ inguinal ( 6'0 clock) Para colic(11'0 clock) by the side of ascending colon |
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Why is appendix called abdominal tonsil |
It contains excessive lymphoid tissue around the lumen |
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Mesentery of appendix is called |
Mesoappendix |
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Blood supply of appendix |
Appendicular artery ( branch of ileocolic artery)- end artery Appendicular, ileocolic and superior mesenteric vein |
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Innervation of appendix |
Sympathetic is via T9 and T10 through coeliac plexus Parasympathetic is via vagus nerve |
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Longest part of large intestine is |
Transverse colon |
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Length of ascending colon |
12-20 cm |
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Length of transverse colon |
40-50 cm |
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Arterial supply of large intestine |
Marginal anastomosis of Drummond which is formed by branches of SMA and IMA |
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What portion of large intestine does SMA supply |
Caecum, ascending colon and proximal 2/3 of transverse colon by ileocolic, right colic and middle colic |
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What part of large intestine does IMA supply |
Distal 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid Colon by left colic and sigmoid artery and superior rectal which supply rectum |
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Sympathetic Innervation of large intestine |
Sympathetic nerve of midgut arises from coeliac and superior mesenteric ganglia distributed along SMA Hind gut is via lumbar part of sympathetic trunk around IMA |
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Parasympathetic innervation of large intestine |
Midgut- vagus Hind gut- pelvic splanchnic nerve |
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Auerbach plexus is found |
Submucous |
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Myenteric plexus is found |
BTW circular and longitudinal muscular coat |