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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Distinguish between an unsoundness and a blemish in horses.
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Unsoundness is an abnormal deviation in structure of function that affects the serviceability of the horse. Blemishes include abnormalities that doe not affect the serviceability of the horse.
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What is the cause of enterotoxemia?
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toxins produced by clostridium peringens type D bacteria
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excessive granulation tissue rising out of and above the edges of a wound is called what?
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proud flesh
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what does renal disease affect?
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kidneys
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what type of spavin is usually due to arthritis of the lower joints of the hock?
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jack or bone spavin
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explain the condition known as exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH)?
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bleeding through the nose due to bursting of small blood vessels in the lungs, especially after physical exertion
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what are the names of the three layers of the uterus?
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serous layer, myometrium, endometrium
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a horse who toes in and is a bit base narrow will travel with what motion fault?
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paddle
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what name is given to the condition in which the coronary hair of the hindfoot is hit by the toe of the forefoot as it breaks over?
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scalping
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name of the type of colic resulting from a blockage of the intestinal tract with normal ingesta or with foreign material?
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impaction
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name the condition simply defined as an inflammation of the laminae of the foot.
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laminitis
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name 2 unsoundnesses of the horse's hocks.
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thoroughpins, bone (jack) spavin, bog spavin, occult spavin capped hock, curb
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what disease is caused by a streptococcus equi infection?
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strangles/ distemper
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what is ossification?
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cartilage changing to bone
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what is the common conformational fault of the rear limbs that pulls a strain on the plantar ligament, leading to a curb?
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sickle hock or cow hocks
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what is the name given to an inflammation of the bursa?
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bursitis
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where would you find an osselet?
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fetlock joint
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what is another name for laryngeal hemiplahia?
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roaring
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what inflammation affecting the fine membrane that lines the chest and covers the lungs is known as what?
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pleurisy/ pleuritis
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what genetic disease is clinically described as a failure to produce blood clotting factor, bleeding into joints, and a development of hematomas?
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hemophilia A
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what genetic diseas is clinically described by a failure to form certain tyoes of nerve calls in the intestinal tract where the foal dies of colic within several days of birth?
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lethal while foal syndrome
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what is the genetic disease clinically referred to as the skin being hyperelastic and easily stretched and traumatized?
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connective tissue disease
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what term is used to describe a disease of a muscle?
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myopathy
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what is the toxin that blister beetles contain?
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cantharidin
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what does the drug lasix treat in racehorses?
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exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhaging (bleeders)
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give another name for blood poisoning
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septicemia
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define goiter
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enlarged throid gland in the neck, just behind the angle of the jaw, resulting from the inability to make sufficient thyroxin. usually due to an iodine deficiency.
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what is the name of an injection of bacteria or viruses which have been modified or inactiated so as not to cause disease in the horse?
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vaccination
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what disease will a pituitary tumor result in?
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cushing's syndrome
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what is the common name for equine infectious anemia?
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swamp fever
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what is the purpose of neurectomy?
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eliminate pain reception from a body part
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what is a myopathy?
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a term used to descibe disease of a muscle
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what is a condition in which cerebrospinal fluid accumulates, causing the head to enlarge, and the central nervous system to be abnormal?
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hydrocephalus (water head)
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what is the name of a condition where there is an unusually high level of fat in the blood?
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hyperlipemia
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what is the scientific name for sleeping sickness?
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encephalomyelitis
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a newborn foal suffering from isoerythrolysis must not receive what from the dam?
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colostrum: the mare and foal have different blood types and the antibodies in the colostrum will attack the foals red blood cells.
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describe the condition "stifled"
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the patella locks and causes the leg to remain in the extended position. the stifle and hock are unable to flex.
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what is exostosis?
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a benign bony growth projecting outward from the surface of a bone; abnormal growth of the periosteum.
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what are the three types of equine encephalomyelitis?
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venezuelan (VEE) eastern (EEE) and western (WEE)
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what is another name for equine periodic ophthalmia?
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moon blindness
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the name commonly used to describe the inflammation and enlargement of the growth plates of the long bones in rapidly growing horses is called what?
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epiphysitis
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what is the common name for parascaris equorum?
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ascarids
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give the more common name for olecrannon bursitis.
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shoeboil or capped elbow
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what is the name for a lower respiratory infection located in the bronchii?
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bronchitis
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what is the name of an infection located in the lungs and characterized by the walls of the alveoli being irratated and filled with fluid?
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pneumonia
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what is another name for nosebleed?
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epistaxis
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what is another partial or complete esophageal obstruction called?
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choke
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name the inflammation at the front of the cannon bone associated with excessive concussion.
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bucked shins
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what is the meant by the tern "scratches"?
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dermatitis of the back of the fetlock and pastern -also called grease heel
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what is a quittor?
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a deep-seated running sore at the coronet or hoof head.
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describe the condition called stifled.
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when the patella of the stifle joint has been displaced.
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the encephalomyelitis viruses are classified as what?
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togaviradae
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after a horse has received the two recommended doses of toxid vaccine (3 to 4 week apart), what vaccination program is recommended to prevent tetanus?
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booster injection with toxoid annually
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what are the symptoms of white line disease?
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wall separation, brown specks next to the white line, and lame when the hoof wont hold a shoe on.
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what is referred to by the obel grades?
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the severity of lameness due to founder
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what type of colic is due to muscular contractions of the intestinal tract and may be associated with overexcitement?
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spasmodic colic
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laminitis is defined as the inflammation of the what?
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pedal laminae
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what is the normal length of infection once horse is infected with equine infectious anemia?
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the rest of the horses life
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what is any coggins-positive horse a threat to other horses?
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there is no effective treatment or vaccination for equine infectious anemia
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what human disease is comparable to EIA?
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HIV
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excessive and involuntary, spasmodic flexion of the hock during sharp turns, while backing, or in forward movement is called what?
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stringhalt
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what is gonitis?
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an inflammation of the stifle joint
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what is a gravel?
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condition which is usually caused by penetration of the protective covering of the hoof by small bits of gravel or dirt.
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what is another name for chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder?
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heaves
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the unsoundness characterized by a very painful inflammation of the periosteum on the front of the horses cannon bones is referred to as what?
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bucked shins
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name the organ affected by heaves
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lungs
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what neurological disease is caused by the soil inhabitant known as clostridium tetani?
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tetanus
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what part of the horse does a shoe boil affect?
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elbow
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name four types of open wounds
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incisions, lacerations, tears, punctures, penetrating wounds, abrasions
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what disease, first recognized in maryland in 1979, is characterized by diarrhea, founder, colic, fever, and a high mortality rate?
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potomac horse fever
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an inflammation of the small navicular bone and bursa of the hoof, often characterized by lameness, a short shubby stride, and pointing of the affected foot while standing, may denote what disease?
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navicular disease
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what does brownish-green color urine indicate in the horse?
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jaundice and liver problems
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what is a deep-seated sore that drainsat the coronet and causes severe lameness called?
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quittor
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does stringhalt affect the front or hind legs?
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hing legs
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what does the acronym COPD stand for?
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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what term describes an action defect characterized by excessive by excessive lateral shoulder motion on a very wide fronted horse?
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rolling
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what part of the body in the horse does uveities affect?
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the eye
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name the unsoundness that is characterized by a soft swelling in the natural depression on the inside front portion of the horses hock.
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bog spavin
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what type of horses are referred to as cod blooded?
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draft breeds
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what is the most common cause if a tooth infection in the horse?
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bacterial decomposition of feed trapped in tubular structures in the center of the tooth called the infundibula.
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desrcibe one early symptom of neonatal septicemia.
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decreased appetite,general weakness ; mild dehydration; weak sucking reflex; fever.
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which strain of equine encephalomyelitis has the lowest mortality rate?
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western equine encephalomyelitis
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what term describes a cloudy or inflamed condition of the horses eye that disappears and returns in cycles?
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moon blindness
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what common test done a horses blood is an agar gel immuno-diffusion test?
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coggins test
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what is trimethorprium sulfadiazine?
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an antibiotic
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explain the difference between a jack spavin and a bone spavin.
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jack spavin- bony enlargement of the hock and bog spavin- soft swelling of the hock capsule
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what disease is characterized by an acute upper respiratory tract infection caused by a specific herpes virus that may also cause abortion?
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equine viral arteritis (EVA)
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what is the common name for the equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy?
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wobblers
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name six classifications of unsoundness.
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conformational; health induced; congenital; acquired/injury; reproduced/breeding; working;' systemic; head related, body
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name the conditions found in growing foals whose joint whose joint cartilage does not properly differentiate.
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osteochondritis dissecans (OCD)
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name four types of colic
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spasmodic colic, impaction; incarceration; displacement; excessive fermentation
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what is the media name for over eating disease?
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enterotoxemia
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name two insect vectors that infect horses with the harbronemia parasite.
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house flies and stable flies
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exertional myopathy, azoturia, and rhabdomyolysis are all names for what syndrome?
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typing-up
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what is the common name for aynchronous diaphragmatic flutter, a disease that most commonly affects endurance horses?
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thumps
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name two of the three major diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract of foals.
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meconium impaction, diarrhea, and gastric ulcers
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what is the primary portal for infection in the foal?
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the umbilicus
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what is the most common immunologic problem that occurs in neonatal foals?
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failure of passive immunoglobulin transfer
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