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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Histology
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The study of tissue
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Definition of tissues
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Groups of cells that perform a common function
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Components of tissues
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cells and matrix
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Types of tissues
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. epithelial
connective muscle nervous |
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Epithelial Function
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Protection,
Secretion Absorption, Excretion |
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Epithelial Location
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covers body
surface and lines organs, makes up glands |
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Epithelial Distinguishing characteristics
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lack blood vessels,
readily divide, tightly packed cells |
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Connective Function
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Bind, support
protect, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells |
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Connective Location
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widely distributed
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Connective Distinguishing characteristics
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good blood supply,
cells farther apart with matrix between |
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Muscle Function
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Movement
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Muscle Location
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attached to bones
walls of hollow internal organs, heart |
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Muscle Distinguishing characteristics
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contractile,elongated cells
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Nerve Function
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Transmit impulses
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Nerve Distinguishing Characteristics
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cells connect
to each other and other body parts |
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Nerve location
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brain,
spinal cord, nerves |
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transitional
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specialized to change in response to tension
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what is a matrix?
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dominance of protein fibers
water based solution |
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3 types of matrix?
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collagenous fibers- white, thick, flexible, slightly elastic, and very strong (Tendons and Ligaments)
Elastic Fibers- yellow, thin, very elastic, and somewhat weak (vocal cords) Reticular Fibers- very thin branched, delicate (liver and spleen) |
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What are the three types of matrix?
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Protein
Protein/Ground Substance- some protein fibers, and a great deal of nonfibrous proteins Fluid Matrix- water based solution |
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What are the three types of matrix?
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Protein
Protein/Ground Substance- some protein fibers, and a great deal of nonfibrous proteins Fluid Matrix- water based solution |
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Loose Connective tissue
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A type of irregularly arranged connective tissue having a large amount of ground substance
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Dense Connective Tissue
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Tends to crowd out the cells and ground substance
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Reticular
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A connective tissue having collagenous fibers as the principle element
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Adipose Tissue
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A type of connective tissue that contains stored fat
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Hyaline Tissue
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It contains no nerves or blood vessels, and its structure is relatively simple and at the end of bones
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Fibrocartilage
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Disks between the vertibrae
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What are the discs found between vertebrae called?
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Fibrocartilage. They work as shock absorbers. Without them, the bone would crunch on top of eachother
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Elastic cartilage
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A type of cartilage in the outer ear anf nose (flexible)
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Compact Bone
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Hard, around the outside of the bone
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Spongey Bone
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Spongey and Soft, on the inside of the bone
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Blood
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Contains a large amount of fluid, and doesn''t contain fibers
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Name the types of connective tissue
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Loose connective- fibers
Dense regular connective tissue-parralel Dense Irregular connective tissue- Irregular shape Adipose- fat Cartilage-(Hyaline,Elastic,and Fibro) Bone- Compact and Spongey (ostyocyte) |
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Name three types of cartilage?
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Hyaline- small circles
Elastic-compact circles Fibro-squiggly lines |
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What are the three types of muscle tissue?
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Cardiac, Smooth, and skeletal
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describe
smooth muscle Cardiac muscle |
linear parallel, smooth
strips with linnear and parralel lines parralel lines with many linear vertical lines |
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What is the function of a dendrite?
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Process of a nueron that recieves input, from other neurons
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What is the function of axons?
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A nerve fiber. Conducts a nerve impulse, away from the neuron cell body
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What is the function of neuroglia cells?
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Specialized cells that communicate with other cells
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What is tissue engineering?
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The use of human cells to restore, repair, or maintain human tissue.
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What are the four steps to tissue engineering?
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1. Extract cells
2. Build a scaffold for cells to grow on 3. supply nutrients and oxygen to cells 4. Grow cells on the scaffold until they can grow on their own |
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What tissue is easiest to grow?
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Cartilage
cause it does not need oxygen it can recieve nutrients from diffusion It does not need blood vessels to survive |
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What is the ultimate goal of tissue engineering?
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To replace a nonfunctioning human organ with a completely liveing structure
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How is stem cell research used in tissue engineering?
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They could be used t make the tissue in bones
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